Table 3.

Results of OLS and IV models predicting child classroom behavior.

	Child Problem Behavior					Child Positive Behavior
	OLS	IV la	IV lb	IV 2a	IV 2b	OLS	IV la	IV lb	IV 2a	IV 2b
Number of sustained job losses	0.02 (0.03)	0.55* (0.26)	0.71* (0.33)	0.50 (0.26)	0.70* (0.33)	−0.07* (0.03)	−0.16 (0.23)	−0.20 (0.26)	0.11 0.23)	−0.19 (0.26)
1st stage F-statistic		4.00**	4.15**	12.16**	6.12**		4.00**	4.00**	11.60**	5.90**
Number of quarters employed			−0.06 (0.05)		−0.06 (0.05)			0.01 (0.04)		0.03 (0.04)
1st stage F-statistic			7.10**		10.13**			7.75**		10.91**
Any sustained job losses	0.17* (0.07)	1.36* (0.61)	1.81* (0.78)	1.31* (0.65)	1.83* (0.83)	−0.23** (0.07)	−0.65 (0.57)	−0.78 (0.64)	−0.30 (0.61)	−0.47 (0.66)
1st stage F-statistic		5.06**	5.06**	12.78**	6.43**		4.71**	4.71**	11.79**	5.92**
Number of quarters employed			−0.06 (0.05)		−0.06 (0.05)			0.02 (0.04)		0.02 (0.04)
1st stage F-statistic			7.10**		10.13**			7.75**		10.91**
Instruments (#):
Sites-by-treatment status (3)  Implementation features-by-   treatment status (2)		X	X	X	X		X	X	X	X

Note: Standard errors shown in parentheses; IV Models la and lb use site-by-treatment status interactions as instruments for number of sustained job losses and number of quarters employed. IV Models 2a and 2b use two implementation features, emphasis on quick job entry and caseload size, interacted with treatment status as instruments for the same endogenous variables. Baseline covariates included in all models are earnings in year prior to RA divided by 1,000, earnings squared in year prior to RA divided by 1,000, time on AFDC, high school diploma, parent 18 or under at child’s birth, never married, separated, number of kids, black, white, Latino, length of follow-up, employed in year prior to RA, age of youngest child, and child gender.

^†p < 0.10

^*p < 0.05

^**p < 0.01.