Table A2.

First-stage results of IV models using site-by-treatment and implementation feature-by-treatment instruments for sustained job loss.

Instruments	Number of Sustained Job Losses	Any Sustained Job Loss	Number of Quarters Employed
Model 1: Program sites
Atlanta X Treatment status	−0.19 (0.13)	−0.11* (0.05)	0.94 (0.64)
Grand Rapids X treatment status	0.00 (0.15)	0.04 (0.06)	2.40** (0.72)
Riverside X treatment status	0.48** (0.15)	0.18** (0.06)	2.07** (0.72)
Model 2: Site-level implementation features
Emphasis on quick job entry X  treatment status	0.21** (0.06)	0.08** (0.02)	0.20 (0.31)
Caseload size X Treatment status	0.00 (0.00)	0.00 (0.00)	0.02** (0.00)

Note: Standard errors shown in parentheses. The figures included in this table are from an IV models predicting problem behavior, but are consistent with figures from the model of positive behavior. Coefficients for “Number of quarters employed” come from the models using the continuous measure of job loss, but are consistent with the results from the models using the dichotomous measure. Baseline covariates included in all models are earnings in year prior to RA divided by 1,000, earnings squared in year prior to RA divided by 1,000, time on AFDC, high school diploma, parent 18 or under at child’s birth, never married, separated, number of kids, black, white, Latino, length of follow-up, employed in year prior to RA, age of youngest child, and child gender.

†p < 0.10

^*p < 0.05

^**p < 0.01.