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. 2011 Dec 9;6(12):e28938. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0028938

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Siman et al.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly credited.

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(A) Western blot analyses of 14-3-3β, a calpain-cleaved α-spectrin COOH-terminal fragment (CCSctf), and UCH-L1 in 3 aSAH cases at the indicated times post-rupture (in days). Case 25 is representative of the subset of aSAH patients exhibiting large elevations in every neurodegeneration biomarker. Case 9, in contrast, shows a delayed increased in neurodegeneration biomarkers starting on day 5 after aneurysm rupture. Case 19 is representative of the subset of aSAH cases exhibiting consistently low or undetectable biomarker levels over the entire 10 day post-rupture period. (B) Western blot analysis of CCSctf levels 5 days post-rupture for 13 aSAH cases. Quantitative analysis (see Methods) showed that CSF levels of this biomarker vary by 100-fold across patients.