Table 1.
Dietary intake and participants’ characteristics by Latina sub-ethnicity
| Whole sample† (n 233) |
Puerto Rican Latinas (n 157) |
Non-Puerto Rican Latinas‡ (n 76) |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Participants’ characteristic | n | % | n | % | n | % | P value*§ |
| Dietary intake characteristics | |||||||
| Intake day | |||||||
| Weekend day (Saturday and Sunday) | 31 | 13·3 | 23 | 14·6 | 8 | 10·5 | 0·385 |
| Weekday | 202 | 86·7 | 134 | 85·4 | 68 | 89·5 | |
| Age group (years) | |||||||
| ≤18 | 19 | 8·2 | 15 | 9·6 | 4 | 5·3 | |
| 19–30 | 181 | 77·7 | 124 | 79·0 | 57 | 75·0 | 0·155 |
| 31–50 | 33 | 14·2 | 18 | 11·5 | 15 | 19·7 | |
| Participants’ characteristics | |||||||
| Trimester at enrolment | |||||||
| First trimester‖ | 14 | 6·1 | 11 | 7·1 | 3 | 4·0 | |
| Second trimester | 133 | 57·6 | 87 | 55·8 | 46 | 61·3 | 0·566 |
| Third trimester | 84 | 36·4 | 58 | 37·2 | 26 | 34·7 | |
| Primiparous | 84 | 36·1 | 55 | 35·0 | 29 | 38·2 | 0·641 |
| Unemployed | 183 | 79·2 | 120 | 77·4 | 63 | 82·9 | 0·335 |
| High school or lower | 190 | 81·5 | 132 | 84·1 | 58 | 76·3 | 0·152 |
| Marital status – no partner | 127 | 54·5 | 102 | 650 | 25 | 32·9 | 0·000 |
| WIC – yes | 195 | 83·7 | 138 | 87·9 | 57 | 75·0 | 0·012 |
| SNAP – yes | 116 | 49·8 | 103 | 65·6 | 13 | 17·1 | 0·000 |
| Monthly household income | |||||||
| $US 0–$US 1000 | 125 | 67·9 | 88 | 68·2 | 37 | 67·3 | 0·900 |
| >$US 1000 | 59 | 32·1 | 41 | 31·8 | 18 | 32·7 | |
| Length of time lived in the USA (years)¶ | |||||||
| <9 | 112 | 48·3 | 46 | 29·5 | 66 | 86·8 | 0·000 |
| ≥9 | 120 | 51·7 | 110 | 70·5 | 1·0 | 13·2 | |
| Type of birthplace†† | |||||||
| US born | 74 | 36·5 | 71 | 53·8 | 3 | 4·2 | |
| Non-US born – urban | 95 | 46·8 | 46 | 34·8 | 49 | 69·0 | 0·000 |
| Non-US born – rural | 34 | 16·7 | 15 | 11·4 | 19 | 26·8 | |
| Language | |||||||
| English only | 6 | 2·6 | 6 | 3·8 | 0 | 0·0 | |
| Bilingual | 126 | 54·3 | 111 | 70·7 | 15 | 20·0 | 0·000 |
| Spanish only | 100 | 43·1 | 40 | 25·5 | 60 | 80·0 | |
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | P value*§§ | |
| Maternal age | 24·62 | 5·55 | 23·92 | 5·43 | 26·07 | 5·55 | 0·005 |
| Household size‡‡ | 4·08 | 1·89 | 3·92 | 1·86 | 4·40 | 1·92 | 0·072 |
WIC, Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children; SNAP, Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program.
Significant at the 0·05 level.
No more than 1 % had missing values, except for monthly household income (n 184) and type of birthplace (n 203) because many participants did not know their household income or if their birthplace was urban/semi-urban or rural.
Includes participants who identified themselves as (% of the whole sample): Mexican (12·0%), Peruvian (6·4 %), Guatemalan (3·0 %), Dominican (2·6 %), Honduran (2·6 %), Colombian (1·7 %), El Salvadorian (1·3 %), Uruguayan (0·9%), Ecuadorian (0·9 %), Argentinean (0·4%), Bolivian (0·4%) and Cuban (0·4%).
The χ2 analysis was conducted to determine differences between ethnic subgroups.
Became an exclusion criterion for the longitudinal study.
Based on median time spent in the USA for the whole sample.
Non-US born includes being born in Puerto Rico.
Includes participant.
Student t tests were conducted to determine differences between ethnic subgroups.