Table 2.
Neuropsychological function, controlled for motor performance, in patients with myotonic dystrophy type 1 and myotonic dystrophy type 2 compared with controls (mean ± SD)
| Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (n = 22) | Myotonic dystrophy type 2 (n = 22) | Controls (n = 22) | Myotonic dystrophy type 1 versus controls | Myotonic dystrophy type 2 versus controls | Myotonic dystrophy type 1 versus myotonic dystrophy type 2 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| F-value (P-value) | F-value (P-value) | F-value (P-value) | ||||
| Focused attention (c.I.T.S) | 19.64 (5.06) | 20.55 (5.48) | 15.76 (2.77) | 3.135 (0.084)a | 9.918 (0.003)** | 0.876 (0.355) |
| Interference (c.I.T.I) | 27.50 (7.84) | 25.82 (5.65) | 19.38 (4.71) | 6.411 (0.015)a,* | 8.932 (0.005)a,** | 0.057 (0.812)a |
| Psychomotoric speed (TMT A) | 33.45 (11.70) | 39.00 (16.29) | 36.24 (14.29) | 2.136 (0.152) | 0.208 (0.651)a | 3.660 (0.063)a |
| Attention shift, mental flexibility (TMT B) | 96.52 (48.75) | 90.27 (35.24) | 83.52 (32.70) | 0.001 (0.970) | 0.662 (0.421)a | 0.002 (0.961)a |
| Naming (Boston Naming) | 54.36 (4.09) | 56.32 (7.47) | 56.67 (3.48) | 1.199 (0.280) | 2.719 (0.107) | 0.627 (0.433) |
| Phonematic fluency | 29.50 (7.74) | 29.45 (8.96) | 33.57 (9.54) | 0.011 (0.918)a | 0.261 (0.612)a | 0.235 (0.631)a |
| Semantic fluency | 23.77 (5.77) | 22.18 (6.34) | 24.48 (4.57) | 0.204 (0.654) | 0.717 (0.402) | 1.420 (0.240) |
| Visual–spatial / visual–constructive abilities (Blocktest) | 22.32 (10.54) | 29.95 (9.79) | 27.90 (8.01) | 0.499 (0.484)a | 2.432 (0.127)a | 4.321 (0.044)a,* |
| Reaction time (NeurocogFX) | 263.82 (55.56) | 291.64 (73.85) | 258.52 (47.80) | 0.001 (0.974) | 1.555 (0.220) | 3.919 (0.054)a |
| Choice reaction time (NeurocogFX) | 98.64 (58.56) | 141.86 (60.30) | 135.76 (57.85) | 9.491 (0.004)a,** | 0.229 (0.635) | 6.534 (0.014)* |
| Interference (NeurocogFX) | 388.91 (57.14) | 450.59 (84.34) | 412.57 (71.22) | 3.528 (0.068) | 1.642 (0.207) | 13.345 (0.001)** |
| Verbal memory-recognition (NeurocogFX) | 43.16 (4.91) | 36.50 (6.86) | 40.88 (2.98) | 6.912 (0.012)* | 0.051 (0.823) | 6.457 (0.015)a,* |
| Figural memory-recognition (NeurocogFX) | 5.59 (7.43) | 7.68 (8.16) | 6.57 (8.53) | 0.711 (0.404)a | 2.863 (0.056)a | 0.072 (0.790)a |
a Significant influence of motor performance.
Names of the applied test or test battery for each neuropsychological function are given in brackets. For details regarding the neuropsychological tests, see Supplementary material.
*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01.
c.I.T.S = subtest (symbol counting) of the Cerebraler Insuffizienztest; c.I.T.I = subtest (response inhibition) of the Cerebraler Insuffizienztest; NeurocogFX = omputerised neuropsychological screening test battery; TMT = Trail-Making Test.