Table 3.

Instrumental Variables Tests^†

Endogeneity test	23.97
	p = < 0.001
Test of excluded instruments (first-stage F-stat)	1573.27
	p = < 0.001
Weak-instrument-robust inference	42.46
	p = < 0.001
Overidentification test	Equation exactly identified
Underidentification test	1415.48
	p = < 0.001

^†Tests performed in linear model of LDL-c using ivreg2 command in Stata. See Baum, Schaffer, & Stillman (2007) for details of these tests