Table 1.
Characteristics of the Patient Population at Baseline and 24 Months
| Parameter | Baseline Mean (SD) |
24 Months Mean (SD) |
p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 82.1 (3.9) | 84.2 (3.9) | n/a |
| Gender (M:F) | 31:46 | 31:46 | n/a |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 26.7 (4.7) | 26.3 (4.5) | 0.02 |
| Blood Pressure (mmHg) (mean ± SD) | |||
| Clinic BP | 136/71 (16/9) | 136/68 (15/10) | 0.90/0.01 |
| 24-hour BP | 129/66 (12/6) | 131/67 (14/7) | 0.77/0.77 |
| Awake BP | 132/68 (12/7) | 132/68 (14/7) | 0.89/0.69 |
| Sleep BP | 122/60 (15/8) | 125/60 (17/10) | 0.11/0.37 |
| Early morning surge* BP | 9/10 (16/11) | 9/8 (16/10) | 0.91/0.37 |
| Biochemical studies | |||
| Total cholesterol (mg/dl) | 198 (39) | 180 (41) | <0.0001 |
| Low density cholesterol (mg/dl) | 126 (36) | 102 (33) | <0.0001 |
| High density cholesterol (mg/dl) | 56 (15) | 55 (16) | 0.06 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dl) | 100 (41) | 95 (41) | 0.25 |
| Serum glucose (mg/dl) | 99 (14) | 101 (17) | 0.09 |
| Insulin (uIU/ml) | 7.64 (7.92) | 8.02 (10.63) | 0.47 |
| hsCRP (mg/l) | 3.32 (3.99) | 3.49 (5.48) | 0.79 |
| Plasminogen activator inhibitor (mg/mL) | 21.9 (13.5) | 24.6 (19.3) | 0.08 |
| Magnetic Resonance Imaging | |||
| Total Brain Volume (ml) | 1402.2 (143.1) | 1401.6 (144.1) | 0.43 |
| White matter hyperintensity volume (ml) | 13.9 (12.8) | 20.5 (16.2) | <0.0001 |
| White matter hyperintensity/Total Brain Volume (%) | 1.00 (0.90) | 1.47 (1.20) | <0.0001 |
| Functional Assessments | |||
| Mobility parameters | |||
| Tinetti Gait | 11.24 (1.19) | 11.24 (1.31) | 0.92 |
| 8 foot walk time (sec) | 3.1 (0.7) | 3.2 (0.8) | 0.40 |
| Maximum velocity (m/sec) | 0.70 (0.15) | 0.70 (0.18) | 0.84 |
| Time to descend 3 stairs (msec) | 5019 (1121) | 6400 (2521) | <0.0001 |
| Cognitive studies | |||
| Trails B (sec) | 114 (68) | 130 (76.) | 0.05 |
| Stroop Color Word Reaction time (msec) | 27 (9.0) | 26 (9) | 0.23 |
| Sequential process time (msec) | 589 (149) | 545 (194) | 0.07 |
| Simple reaction time (msec) | 414 (132) | 417 (164) | 0.72 |