Table 2.
Positive predictive value (PPV) of computer case definition for diabetic ketoacidosis
| PPV (%)a | 95% Confidence Intervala | |
|---|---|---|
| Overall | 88.9 | 71.9 to 96.1 |
| Stratified analyses | ||
| By psychotropic drug exposureb | ||
| Antipsychotic drug | 83.3 | 43.6 to 97.0 |
| Other psychotropic drugs | 90.0 | 71.1 to 97.3 |
| By age strata | ||
| Upper (ages 11-24 years) | 100.0 | 81.6 to 100.0 |
| Lower (age ≤ 10 years) | 70.0 | 39.7 to 89.2 |
| By gender | ||
| Male | 100.0 | 78.5 to 100.0 |
| Female | 76.9 | 49.7 to 91.8 |
| By ADHD diagnosis | ||
| Yes | 80.0 | 54.8 to 93.0 |
| No | 100.0 | 75.8 to 100.0 |
a The positive predictive value (PPV) of the DKA case definition was calculated with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for binomial proportions using Wilson's formula.
b The cohort consisted of recent initiators of antipsychotics or control medications (mood stabilizers, ADHD drugs, antidepressants, benzodiazepines) who filled a qualifying prescription for a study drug, had no fill more than 90 days prior to the qualifying prescription, and had at ≥ 365 prior consecutive days with no filled prescription.
c The underlying cohort consisted of children and youth (aged 6-24 years).
Key: ADHD = attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder