Table 2.

Transforming potential through promotion phase.

	Promotion Phase
Day	Treatmenta	Viability (%)b	Dish with foci/dish scoredc	No. of transformed foci/dish	TPd
11	Control	100 ± 0.5	4/6	1.8 ± 0.05	1 ± 0.27
	MNNG + TPA	77 ± 19.1*	6/6	62.25 ± 9.9***	61.6 ± 9.8***
	Metal mixture + TPA	57 ± 15.8*	6/6	33.75 ± 11.6***	62 ± 21.3***
	MNNG + Meta mixture	9 ± 0.66***	6/6	23 ± 7.7***	70.5 ± 23.8***
	Metal mixture + metal mixture	17 ± 0.3***	6/6	29.5 ± 5.7***	78.5 ± 15.1***
16	Control	100 ± 0.0	4/6	1.8 ± 0.05	1 ± 0.27
	MNNG + TPA	100 ± 11.5	6/6	62.25 ± 9.9***	67.9 ± 10.8***
	Metal mixture + TPA	100 ± 18.5	6/6	33.75 ± 11.6***	25.1 ± 8.6***
	MNNG + metal mixture	31 ± 8.9**	6/6	23 ± 7.7***	38.5 ± 13***
	Metal mixture + metal mixture	30 ± 8***	6/6	29.5 ± 5.7***	55.2 ± 10.6***
21	Control	100 ± 0.0	4/6	1.8 ± 0.05	1 ± 0.27
	MNNG + TPA	77 ± 0.5***	6/6	62.25 ± 9.9***	42.6 ± 6.8***
	Metal mixture + TPA	88 ± 2.2**	6/6	33.75 ± 11.6***	11.7 ± 4*
	MNNG + metal mixture	76 ± 0.05***	6/6	23 ± 7.7***	13.6 ± 4.6*
	Metal mixture + metal mixture	31 ± 6.9***	6/6	29.5 ± 5.7***	50.5 ± 9.7***

^aTreatments were added at concentrations of MNNG 0.5 μg/mL, TPA 0.1 μg/mL, and metal mixture (As 2 μM, Cd 2 μM, and Pb 5 μM); ^bpercentage with respect to controls; ^ctwo experiments with three biological replicates; ^dtransforming potential (TP) calculated as nmber of transformed foci type III per dish/surviving cells at corresponding sampling day. Statistical analysis, Student's t-test P value *< 0.05, **< 0.01 and ***< 0.001.