Table 1.
Demographic and clinical data of the study population.
| Demographic/clinical characteristic | Full cohort n = 454 | Nonintubated n = 326 | Intubated n = 128 | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | ||
| Male | 242 (53.3) | 179 (54.9) | 63 (49.2) | 0.29 |
| Ethnicity | ||||
| White | 133 (29.3) | 93 (28.5) | 40 (31.3) | 0.59 |
| African Americans | 79 (17.4) | 58 (17.8) | 21 (16.4) | |
| Hispanics | 108 (23.8) | 83 (25.5) | 25 (19.5) | |
| Asians | 88 (19.4) | 63 (19.1) | 26 (20.3) | |
| Multiracial | 46 (10.1) | 30 (9.2) | 16 (12.5) | |
| Antenatal steroids | 361(79.5) | 257 (78.8) | 104 (81.3) | 0.56 |
| Chorioamnionitis | 21 (4.6) | 14 (4.5) | 7 (5.5) | 0.58 |
| Preeclampsia | 72 (15.9) | 54 (16.6) | 18 (14.1) | 0.50 |
| Magnesium sulphate use | 203 (44.7) | 135 (41.1) | 68 (53.1) | 0.02 |
| IUGR | 19 (4.2) | 13 (3.9) | 6 (4.7) | 0.74 |
| Intubation | 128 (28.3) | |||
| Surfactant | 89 (19.6) | 0 (0) | 89 (69.5) | |
| IVH | 69 (15.1) | 26 (8.0) | 43 (33.6) | <0.001 |
| PDA | 167 (36.9) | 19 (5.8) | 66 (51.6) | <0.0001 |
| Sepsis/NEC | 40 (8.8) | 20 (6.1) | 20 (15.6) | <0.001 |
| Anemia | 273 (80.1) | 150 (46.0) | 123 (96.0) | <0.0001 |
| Apnea | 100 (22.3) | 45 (13.8) | 55 (42.9) | <0.0001 |
| GE reflux | 29 (6.9) | 7 (2.1) | 22 (17.2) | <0.001 |
| BPD | 50 | 7 (2.1) | 43 (33.6) | <0.001 |
Abbreviations: IUGR: intrauterine growth retardation, PDA: patent ductus arteriosus, IVH: intraventricular hemorhage, NEC: necrotizing enterocolitis, GE reflux: gastroesophageal reflux.