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. 2011 Dec 13;6(12):e27787. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0027787

Figure 5. Flow tank experiment.

Figure 5

A. Diagram of the experimental setup. B. Velocity vectors from particle image velocimetry (PIV) showing the excurrent flow exiting the osculum of a sponge actively pumping in zero ambient current. C–E Excurrent velocities measured with a Vector AV (Nortek) at different ambient velocities. C. Excurrent velocity from the osculum of two sponges that were actively pumping in zero ambient current. D. Excurrent velocity from the osculum of two living sponges that showed no active pumping in zero ambient current. E. “Excurrent” velocity from the osculum of a sponge that was soaked in bleach to remove tissue.