Table 2. Difference in mean predicted growth, mortality, and recruitment rates under low and high crown shading (CAI_h<2, ≥2) for 8 species ranked by shade tolerance, following Baker (1949): intermediate (3), tolerant (4), very tolerant (5).

Rank	Species	Mean predicted demographic rates
		Growth* (cm/yr)		Mortality* (/yr)		Recruitment† (#/ha/yr)
		CAIh<2	CAIh≥2	CAIh<2	CAIh≥2	CAIh<2	CAIh≥2
3	White ash	0.167	0.069	0.016	0.030	3.401	1.775
3	Yellow birch	0.211	0.087	0.014	0.056	8.695	1.787
4	Red maple	0.191	0.102	0.023	0.109	2.566	0.532
4	Basswood	0.114	0.068	0.038	0.058	5.951	1.852
5	Sugar maple	0.141	0.075	0.017	0.026	15.902	7.462
5	Ironwood	0.082	0.059	0.008	0.011	12.330	6.319
5	Beech	0.108	0.074	0.007	0.008	3.559	2.822
5	Eastern hemlock	0.141	0.131	0.003	0.003	4.018	2.209

*Only including trees 5–9.9 cm DBH.

^†Only including plots where species is present.