Table 12.
Impact of ARV Therapy on Family Labor Supply
| (1) | (2) | (3) | (4) | (5) | (6) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A. Adults
| ||||||
| Dependent variable: | Labor force participation in past week
|
Hours worked in past week
|
||||
| All adults | Men | Women | All adults | Men | Women | |
| ARV hh (<100 days) * Rd. 2 | −0.074 (1.06) | 0.001 (0.01) | −0.150 (1.62) | 2.869 (0.80) | 6.593 (1.28) | −0.723 (0.17) |
| ARV hh (>100 days) * Rd. 2 | 0.021 (0.39) | −0.062 (0.98) | 0.082 (1.01) | 3.048 (0.87) | 1.641 (0.30) | 3.885 (0.98) |
| Constant | 0.916 (30.13)*** | 0.981 (24.22)*** | 0.854 (22.04)*** | 37.044 (16.10)*** | 43.148 (13.44)*** | 30.810 (11.82)*** |
| Observations | 2989 | 1511 | 1478 | 2989 | 1511 | 1478 |
| R-squared | 0.67 | 0.69 | 0.67 | 0.74 | 0.75 | 0.70 |
| B. Boys
| ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LFP
|
Hours
|
|||||
| All boys | 8–12 years | 12–18 years | All boys | 8–12 years | 12–18 years | |
| ARV hh (<100 days) * Rd. 2 | −0.145 (1.46) | −0.146 (1.03) | −0.177 (1.46) | −3.774 (1.40) | −3.751 (1.33) | −4.052 (1.04) |
| ARV hh (>100 days) * Rd. 2 | −0.113 (1.28) | −0.215 (1.94)* | −0.067 (0.60) | −3.518 (1.48) | −8.483 (3.12)*** | −0.655 (0.21) |
| Constant | 0.855 (14.31)*** | 0.797 (7.81)*** | 0.888 (15.15)*** | 20.381 (9.47)*** | 16.969 (5.07)*** | 22.545 (9.08)*** |
| Observations | 1162 | 462 | 700 | 1162 | 462 | 700 |
| R-squared | 0.66 | 0.68 | 0.66 | 0.69 | 0.70 | 0.69 |
| C. Girls
| ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LFP
|
Hours
|
|||||
| All girls | 8–12 years | 12–18 years | All girls | 8–12 years | 12–18 years | |
| ARV hh (<100 days) * Rd. 2 | 0.016 (0.17) | 0.120 (0.85) | −0.010 (0.08) | −1.234 (0.47) | −0.602 (0.18) | −1.647 (0.51) |
| ARV hh (>100 days) * Rd. 2 | 0.026 (0.24) | −0.106 (0.60) | 0.085 (0.69) | 1.252 (0.48) | 1.067 (0.34) | 1.519 (0.47) |
| Constant | 0.788 (9.87)*** | 0.650 (5.69)*** | 0.863 (9.21)*** | 18.591 (9.33)*** | 16.159 (4.41)*** | 19.982 (9.19)*** |
| Observations | 978 | 342 | 636 | 978 | 342 | 636 |
| R-squared | 0.65 | 0.69 | 0.65 | 0.63 | 0.61 | 0.65 |
Notes: Errors clustered at the household level for each round and robust t-statistics in parentheses (* significant at 10%; ** significant at 5%; *** significant at 1%). Dependent variable labor force participation indicates whether the individual was engaged in any labor market activity in the past week and hours worked is total number of hours devoted to labor market activities in the past week. Regressions include individual fixed effects, round 2 indicator variable, and month-of-interview indicator variables. ARV recipients are excluded from analysis. ARV household indicators equal 1 if there is an adult ARV recipient who received ARV therapy for <100 days or >100 in round 1.