Table 1.
Domain, Administration, and Psychometric Information for Exemplars of Diagnostic Assessments for Oral Language, Phonological Processing, and Print Knowledge Skills
| Name of Measure | Specific Skill Area Assessed | Age or Grade Range for Use | Time to Administer (minutes) | Reliability | Validity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Measures of Oral Language Skills | |||||
| Clinical Evaluation of Language Fundamentals-Preschool-2 | Expressive Vocabulary & Syntax, Receptive Vocabulary & Syntax | 3 to 6 years, 11 months | 15 to 20 (core tests) | .75 to .95a .75 to .94b |
.69 to .88c |
| Expressive One-Word Picture Vocabulary Test [2000 edition] | Expressive Vocabulary | 2 to 18 years, 11 months | 10 to 15 | .93 to .95a .88 to .89b |
.64 to .71c |
| Expressive Vocabulary Test-2 | Expressive Vocabulary | 2 years, 6 months to 90+ years | 10 to 20 | .94a .94 to .97b |
.51 to .82c |
| Oral and Written Language Scales | Listening Comprehension, Oral Expression | 3 to 21 years | 40 to 60 | .84 to .91a .80 to .89b |
.46 to .91c |
| Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test-4 | Receptive Vocabulary | 2 years, 6 months to 90+ years | 10 to 15 | .94a .93b |
.41 to .84c .50 to .75d |
| Preschool Language Scale-4 | Auditory Comprehension, Expressive Communication | 2 weeks to 7 years | 15 to 40 | .85 to .94a .82 to .94b |
.66 to .88c |
| Receptive One-Word Picture Vocabulary Test | Receptive Vocabulary | 2 to 18 years, 11 months | 10 to 15 | .95 to .96a .80 to .80b |
.65 to .71c |
| Test of Language Development-Primary: 3 | Vocabulary, Syntax, Verbal Memory | 4 to 8 years | 30 to 60 | .81 to .96a .77 to .92b |
.52 to .97c |
| Test of Preschool Early Literacy | Definitional Vocabulary | 3 to 5 years, 11 months | 10 to 15 | .94 to .95a .81b |
.71c |
|
| |||||
| Measures of Phonological Processing Skills | |||||
| Developing Skills Checklist | Phonological Awareness, Phonological Memory, Letter Knowledge | Pre-K to K | 20 to 30 | .81 to .92a | .41 to .57c |
| Phonological Awareness and Literacy Screenings-Pre-K | Phonological Awareness | Pre-K | -- | .77 to .93a | .41 to .67c .53 to .56d |
| Phonological Awareness Test | Phonological Awareness | 5 to 9 years, 11 months | 40 | .72 to .96a .45 to .98b |
Contrasted groupsc |
| Test of Language Development-Primary: 3 | Phonological Awareness | 4 to 8 years, 11 months | 30 | .89 to .94a .77 to .87b |
.65 to .78c |
| Test of Preschool Early Literacy | Phonological Awareness | 3 to 5 years, 11 months | 10 | .86 to .88a .83b |
.59 to .65c .40 to .62d |
| Woodcock Johnson III Tests of Cognitive Abilities and Achievement | Phonological Awareness, Phonological Memory, Phonological Access | 2 to 90 years | 2 to 10 per subtest | .82 to .98a .57 to .77b |
.46 to .49c |
|
| |||||
| Measures of Print Knowledge Skills | |||||
| Developing Skills Checklist | Print Conventions, Writing | Pre-K to K | 20 to 30 | ||
| Phonological Awareness and Literacy Screenings-Pre-K | Print Knowledge, Writing | Pre-K | -- | .75a | .41 to .67c .53 to .56d |
| Test of Early Reading Achievement-3rd Edition | Alphabet Knowledge, Print Conventions, Print Meaning | 3 years, 6 months to 8 years, 6 months | 15 to 45 | .82 to .95a .86 to .99b |
.34 to .98c .65 to .81d |
| Test of Preschool Early Literacy | Print Knowledge | 3 years to 5 years, 11 months | 10 | .93 to .96a .89b |
.59 to .77c .40 to .62d |
| Woodcock Johnson III Tests of Cognitive Abilities and Achievement | Letter-Word Identification, Word Attack | 2 to 90 years | 2 to 10 per subtest | .93 to .99a .79 to .91b |
.36 to .40c |
| Woodcock Reading Mastery Test-R | Letter Knowledge, Decoding | 5 years to 75+ | 10 to 25 | .94 to .99a | |
Note.
a
Internal consistency reliability;
b
test-retest reliability;
c
concurrent validity;
d
predictive validity.