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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Heart. 2011 Sep 19;98(2):133–138. doi: 10.1136/heartjnl-2011-300503

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Relationship between diabetes, pre-diabetes and physician-diagnosed diabetes with incident atrial fibrillation among whites and African-Americans in ARIC by gender (1990–2007). Individuals without diabetes comprised the reference group for each comparison. Diabetes included all individuals with FSG ≥126 mg/dL or HbA1c > 6.5% or use of diabetic medication or history of physician-diagnosed diabetes. Undiagnosed diabetes = FSG ≥126 mg/dL or HbA1c > 6.5% but no history of diabetic medication usage or physician-diagnosed diabetes. The black boxes represent the estimate of effect adjusted for age, education, income, prior history of cardiovascular disease, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, use of hypertensive medications, and cigarette smoking. Horizontal lines represent the 95% confidence intervals. Open diamond represents the estimate of effect for the overall population.