Table 1.
Sample description: bivariate cross-tabulations of demographics, diabetes mellitus and depressed mood with obesity and abdominal obesity
Total | Non-obesity (BMI < 30) (N = 693; 70.5%) |
Obesity (BMI ≥ 30) (N = 290; 29.5%) |
No abdominal obesity (WHR < 0.85) (N = 559; 56.9%) |
Abdominal obesity (WHR ≥ 0.85) (N = 424; 43.1%) |
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Characteristic | n | % | n | % | n | % | χ2 | P | n | % | n | % | χ2 | p |
Age (in years) | ||||||||||||||
35-44 | 43 | 4.4 | 34 | 4.9 | 9 | 3.1 | 19.2 | < .001 | 34 | 6.1 | 9 | 2.1 | 52.0 | < .001 |
45-54 | 238 | 24.2 | 192 | 27.7 | 46 | 15.9 | 171 | 30.6 | 67 | 15.8 | ||||
55-64 | 374 | 38.0 | 253 | 36.5 | 121 | 41.7 | 209 | 37.4 | 165 | 38.9 | ||||
65-74 | 328 | 33.4 | 214 | 30.9 | 114 | 39.3 | 145 | 25.9 | 183 | 43.2 | ||||
School education | ||||||||||||||
High (grammar school [Gymnasium]) | 102 | 10.4 | 90 | 13.0 | 12 | 4.2 | 40.8 | < .001 | 77 | 13.8 | 25 | 5.9 | 38.1 | < .001 |
Medium (intermediate school [Realschule]) | 232 | 23.7 | 188 | 27.2 | 44 | 15.3 | 157 | 28.2 | 75 | 17.7 | ||||
Low (maximally secondary general school [Hauptschule]) | 645 | 65.9 | 413 | 59.8 | 232 | 80.6 | 322 | 57.9 | 323 | 76.4 | ||||
Family status | ||||||||||||||
Living with partner | 712 | 72.5 | 501 | 72.4 | 211 | 72.8 | 0.0 | < .908 | 408 | 73.0 | 304 | 71.9 | 0.2 | .697 |
Not living with partner | 270 | 27.5 | 191 | 27.6 | 79 | 27.2 | 151 | 27.0 | 119 | 28.1 | ||||
Health insurance | ||||||||||||||
Private | 124 | 12.6 | 89 | 12.8 | 35 | 12.1 | 0.1 | .739 | 75 | 13.4 | 49 | 11.6 | 0.8 | .384 |
Statutory | 859 | 87.4 | 604 | 87.2 | 255 | 87.9 | 484 | 86.6 | 375 | 88.4 | ||||
Place of residence | ||||||||||||||
Rural | 542 | 55.1 | 381 | 55.0 | 161 | 55.5 | 0.0 | .877 | 315 | 56.4 | 227 | 53.5 | 0.8 | .380 |
Urban | 441 | 44.9 | 312 | 45.0 | 129 | 44.5 | 244 | 43.6 | 197 | 46.5 | ||||
Depressed mood (DEEX-scale) | ||||||||||||||
Yes | 392 | 40.0 | 272 | 39.4 | 120 | 41.7 | 0.5 | .503 | 224 | 40.1 | 168 | 40 | 0.0 | .982 |
No | 587 | 60.0 | 419 | 60.6 | 168 | 58.3 | 335 | 59.9 | 252 | 60 | ||||
Diabetes mellitus | ||||||||||||||
Yes | 82 | 8.3 | 37 | 5.3 | 45 | 15.5 | 27.7 | < .001 | 20 | 3.6 | 62 | 14.6 | 38.5 | < .001 |
No | 901 | 91.7 | 656 | 94.7 | 245 | 84.5 | 539 | 96.4 | 362 | 85.4 |