TABLE 3.
Biochemical variables at baseline in the control and CaD-supplemented groups1
| Regular OJ |
Lite OJ |
Combined |
||||
| Variable | Control(n = 38) | CaD(n = 33) | Control(n = 41) | CaD(n = 42) | Control(n = 79) | CaD(n = 75) |
| 25(OH)D (ng/mL) | 27 ± 13 | 26 ± 10 | 33 ± 13 | 31 ± 12 | 30 ± 13 | 29 ± 11 |
| Calcium (mg/dL) | 9.6 ± 0.4 | 9.5 ± 0.4 | 9.6 ± 0.3 | 9.5 ± 0.3 | 9.6 ± 0.3 | 9.5 ± 0.4 |
| PTH (pg/mL) | 38 ± 12 | 36 ± 10 | 40 ± 9 | 39 ± 9 | 40 ± 10 | 38 ± 10 |
| TSH (μU/mL) | 1.93 ± 1.11 | 1.90 ± 1.45 | 1.78 ± 0.88 | 1.78 ± 0.73 | 1.85 ± 0.97 | 1.80 ± 1.10 |
| Glucose (mg/dL) | 88 ± 7 | 89 ± 10 | 90 ± 8 | 89 ± 6 | 89 ± 7 | 89 ± 8 |
| Insulin (μIU/mL) | 6 ± 4 | 7 ± 4 | 4 ± 2 | 5 ± 4 | 5 ± 3 | 6 ± 5 |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 187 ± 35 | 198 ± 30 | 196 ± 36 | 195 ± 39 | 191 ± 5 | 197 ± 35 |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 60 ± 12 | 65 ± 18 | 67 ± 14 | 70 ± 18 | 64 ± 13 | 68 ± 18 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 96 ± 47 | 96 ± 52 | 96 ± 36 | 96 ± 38 | 96 ± 41 | 95 ± 44 |
1
All values are means ± SDs. Differences between the control and experimental groups at baseline were tested by using unadjusted, independent-sample, 2-sided t tests. No significant differences were detected. CaD, calcium and vitamin D; lite, reduced energy; OJ, orange juice; PTH, parathyroid hormone; TSH, thyroid-stimulating hormone; 25(OH)D, 25-hydroxyvitamin D.