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. 2011 Sep 2;39(22):9620–9632. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkr674

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© The Author(s) 2011. Published by Oxford University Press.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Figure 1. — Synergistic cytotoxicity of S⁴TdR/UVA in organotypic skin cultures.Organotypic skin cultures were treated as indicated and fixed 24 h post-irradiation. Haematoxylin/eosin-stained sections are represented. (A) Untreated. (B) 300 µM S⁴TdR. (C) 100 kJ/m² UVA. The skin/cell architecture is unaffected by treatments in B and C. (D) S⁴TdR/UVA combination: Apoptotic (‘sunburn’) keratinocytes displaying pyknosis (enhanced nuclear colouration) and cells showing karyolysis (loss of nuclear colouration) are shown as arrows. Note the absence of cellular damage in the upper, non-proliferating layers of the epidermis.