Table 4.

Correlation of administration errors with potential risk factors

	Univariate OR (95% CI)	Multivariate OR (95% CI)
Patient characteristics
Age (in years)	0.99 (0.99 to 1.00)	0.99 (0.99 to 1.00)
Gender
Female	Reference category	Reference category
Male	1.19 (0.96 to 1.49)	0.97 (0.73 to 1.30)
Medication characteristics
Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical medication class
Antacids	10.42 (7.57 to 14.34)	18.09 (12.60 to 25.96)
Prokinetics	7.52 (4.77 to 11.86)	16.75 (10.10 to 27.79)
Antibiotics	1.36 (1.00 to 1.86)	3.10 (1.98 to 4.85)
Immunosuppressants	8.12 (5.31 to 12.44)	17.26 (10.80 to 27.59)
Administration route
Oral	1.81 (1.44 to 2.28)	2.40 (1.34 to 4.30)
Intravenous	1.15 (0.88 to 1.47)	2.48 (1.28 to 4.81)
No of medicines/shift/patient	0.97 (0.94 to 1.00)	0.99 (0.95 to 1.03)
Organization characteristics
Expiry date not checked	3.61 (0.47 to 27.50)	3.30 (0.31 to 34.75)
Medication labeled incorrectly	0.53 (0.36 to 0.81)	1.05 (0.64 to 1.72)
Medication not retrieved from the automated dispensing cabinet just before administration	0.64 (0.52 to 0.79)	0.79 (0.56 to 1.10)
Administration by nursing assistant	0.99 (0.80 to 1.22)	0.94 (0.63 to 1.40)
Administration not documented	1.40 (0.82 to 2.39)	1.22 (0.61 to 2.42)
Time characteristics
Working day	1.23 (0.99 to 1.52)	1.57 (0.99 to 2.49)
Shift
Night	Reference category	Reference category
Morning	2.75 (1.58 to 4.77)	2.36 (1.10 to 5.04)
Evening	2.93 (1.69 to 5.07)	2.08 (1.02 to 4.22)
Nurse's characteristics
Age (years)	0.99 (0.98 to 1.00)	1.01 (0.99 to 1.03)
Not career nurse	1.08 (0.87 to 1.33)	1.34 (0.97 to 1.86)
Experience in the unit (months)	1.00 (0.99 to 1.01)	0.97 (0.95 to 1.00)
No of beds under charge	0.97 (0.94 to 1.00)	1.01 (0.95 to 1.09)

Statistically significant correlations in the multivariate analysis are shown in bold.