Table 3. Clinicopathological features and molecular phenotypes in IPMNs.

		Total	GNAS		P	KRAS		P	Gsα			P	Phosphorylated substrates of PKA			P
			Wild	Mutant		Wild	Mutant		Low	Mod	High		Low	Mod	High
		118	70	48		62	56		1	34	83		26	56	36
Sex	Male	73	41	32	0.244*	41	32	0.208*	0	23	50	0.635†	15	35	23	0.640†
	Female	45	29	16	21	24	1	11	33	11	21	13
Age	Mean	65.1	64.7	65.7	0.639†	64.9	65.2	0.692†	76	66.1	64.6	0.280†	66.0	64.6	65.2	0.896†
Morphologic type	GAS	64	39	25	0.588*	30	34	0.056*	0	19	45	0.127†	19	28	17	0.164†
INT	40	21	19	24	16	0	11	29	6	20	14
PB	9	6	3	3	6	1	4	4	1	6	2
ONC	5	4	1	5	0	0	0	5	0	2	3
Macroscopic type	Branch-duct	48	27	21	0.599*	28	20	0.521*	0	14	34	0.660†	14	24	10	0.107†
Main-duct	37	21	16	17	20	0	13	24	8	13	16
Combined	33	22	11	17	16	1	7	25	4	19	10
Mural nodule	Mean (mm)	5.2	4.7	5.8	0.116†	4.5	6.0	0.232†	30	6.0	4.6	0.091†	5.0	5.6	4.7	0.427†
Grade	Low	58	34	24	0.940*	29	29	0.320*	0	17	41	0.550†	20	25	13	0.010†
High	26	15	11	17	9	0	6	20	2	13	11
Invasive	47	34	13	16	18	1	11	22	4	18	12
UICC Stage	0A	56	34	22	0.419*	28	28	0.621*	0	16	40	0.900†	19	24	13	0.146†
0	26	15	11	17	9	0	6	20	2	13	11
IA	6	2	4	3	3	0	2	4	1	3	2
IB	8	3	5	4	4	0	3	5	1	5	2
IIA	7	5	2	2	5	0	3	4	1	4	2
IIB	15	11	4	8	7	1	4	10	2	7	6

*P values of Fisher's exact test.

†P values of ANOVA. GAS, gastric type; Gsα, G-protein alpha subunit; INT, intestinal type; IPMN, intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm; ONC, oncocytic type; PB, pancreatobiliary type; PKA, protein kinase A; UICC, Union for International Cancer Control.