(A) Increase in histone acetylation leading to local relaxation of chromatin structure, (B) hypomethylation of cytosines in cytosine–guanosine dinucleotides, leading to increased transcription of methylation-sensitive genes, and (C) alteration in post-transcriptional regulation of genes (including those involved in DNA methylation) at the tRNA level via increased miRNA expression and activation of the RISC.
Ac: Acetyl; Me: Methyl; RISC: RNA-induced silencing complex.