Figure 4 .

Dyrk1a, Rcan1, and Ets2 gene expression alterations in the PA1 of inbred and mixed background mice. Slight but not significant differences in gene expression between inbred and mixed backgrounds in the PA1 of E9.5 embryos were seen in Dyrk1a and Rcan1 (P = 0.23 and 0.13, respectively). A significant difference in expression levels was present between both backgrounds for Ets2 (*P < 0.05). Expression levels of Rcan1 and Ets2 in the PA1 of E9.5 embryos on a mixed background did not differ significantly from euploid levels, while Dyrk1a was significantly upregulated (n = 6 trisomic and 6 euploid embryos from 3 litters). Expression of Rcan1 was slightly downregulated in the PA1 of E9.5 embryos on an inbred background, Dyrk1a was upregulated, and Ets2 was significantly downregulated in expression (n = 7 trisomic and 7 euploid embryos from three litters). Results are provided with error bars indicating standard error of the mean.