Table 3.
Association (Incidence Rate Ratio- IRR) of determinants of pain with number of sites in pain in the past 12 months, frequent pain in the past 12 months and disabling pain the last month. All IRRs are adjusted for age, sex and occupation.
| Characteristic | N* | Sites in pain in the past 12 months |
Sites in frequent pain in the past 12 months |
Sites in disabling pain in the past month |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||||
| IRR | 95% CI | IRR | 95% CI | IRR | 95% CI | |||
| Sex | ||||||||
| Men | 194 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||
| Women | 370 | 1.3 | 1.1-1.5 | 1.9 | 1.4-2.5 | 2.4 | 1.8-3.2 | |
| Occupation | ||||||||
| Nurse | 224 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||
| Postal Clerk | 140 | 1.1 | 0.9-1.3 | 1.5 | 1.0-2.0 | 1.4 | 1.0-1.9 | |
| Office Worker | 200 | 1.0 | 0.9-1.1 | 0.9 | 0.7-1.2 | 0.7 | 0.6-0.9 | |
| Age groups | ||||||||
| 20-29 | 29 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||
| 30-39 | 257 | 1.4 | 1.1-1.9 | 4.9 | 1.6-15.4 | 1.6 | 0.9-2.7 | |
| 40-49 | 206 | 1.6 | 1.2-2.2 | 8.9 | 2.8-27.8 | 2.3 | 1.3-4.1 | |
| 50-59 | 69 | 1.4 | 1.0-2.0 | 8.5 | 2.6-27.5 | 2.0 | 1.1-3.8 | |
|
Hours per week at
work | ||||||||
| ≤39 | 139 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||
| ≥40 | 423 | 1.1 | 0.9-1.3 | 1.1 | 0.9-1.5 | 1.4 | 1.1-1.8 | |
| Physical load score | ||||||||
| 0 | 17 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||
| 1 | 71 | 2.5 | 1.4-4.6 | 4.0 | 1.0-17.0 | 8.8 | 1.2-64.9 | |
| 2 | 169 | 3.4 | 1.9-6.1 | 6.1 | 1.5-24.9 | 16.4 | 2.3-118.1 | |
| 3 | 151 | 3.4 | 1.9-6.0 | 5.3 | 1.3-21.5 | 14.5 | 2.0-104.1 | |
| 4 | 111 | 3.9 | 2.2-7.0 | 8.9 | 2.2-36.2 | 19.5 | 2.7-140.0 | |
| 5 | 45 | 4.7 | 2.6-8.4 | 8.4 | 2.0-34.7 | 25.8 | 3.6-186.5 | |
|
Psychosocial factors at
work | ||||||||
| Job satisfaction | low | 114 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | |||
| high | 448 | 0.7 | 0.6-0.8 | 0.6 | 0.5-0.8 | 0.5 | 0.4-0.6 | |
| Job demand | low | 107 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | |||
| high | 455 | 1.1 | 0.9-1.3 | 1.6 | 1.1-2.2 | 1.0 | 0.8-1.3 | |
| Job control | low | 331 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | |||
| high | 233 | 1.0 | 0.9-1.1 | 0.9 | 0.7-1.1 | 0.8 | 0.7-1.1 | |
| Job support | low | 101 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | |||
| high | 455 | 0.9 | 0.8-1.0 | 0.7 | 0.5-0.8 | 0.7 | 0.6-0.9 | |
| Job security | low | 114 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | |||
| high | 1.0 | 0.9-1.1 | 0.7-1.2 | 448 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.7-1.1 | |
|
Mental Health Score
(tertiles) |
Best | 183 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | |||
| Middle | 201 | 1.2 | 1.0-1.4 | 1.3 | 0.9-1.7 | 1.4 | 1.1-1.9 | |
| Worst | 180 | 1.5 | 1.3-1.7 | 1.7 | 1.3-2.3 | 2.1 | 1.6-2.7 | |
| Somatizing symptoms | ||||||||
| 0 | 261 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||
| 1 | 84 | 1.3 | 1.1-1.6 | 2.7 | 1.9-3.8 | 2.1 | 1.5-3.1 | |
| 2+ | 218 | 2.0 | 1.8-2.3 | 4.8 | 3.6-6.4 | 5.5 | 4.2-7.2 | |
| Alexithymia | ||||||||
| Non alexithymic | 400 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||
| Grey zone | 76 | 0.9 | 0.7-1.0 | 0.6 | 0.4-0.9 | 0.9 | 0.6-1.2 | |
| Alexithymic | 54 | 1.1 | 0.9-1.3 | 1.1 | 0.8-1.5 | 1.0 | 0.7-1.4 | |
| Depression | ||||||||
| Normal | 368 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||
| Mild | 101 | 1.0 | 0.9-1.1 | 0.8 | 0.6-1.1 | 0.9 | 0.7-1.2 | |
| Moderate/Severe | 67 | 1.0 | 0.9-1.2 | 0.9 | 0.7-1.3 | 1.0 | 0.7-1.4 | |
| Fear avoidance beliefs | ||||||||
| No | 272 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||
| Yes | 292 | 1.0 | 0.9-1.2 | 1.0 | 0.8-1.3 | 1.3 | 1.1-1.6 | |
| Work causation beliefs | ||||||||
| No | 168 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||
| Weak | 88 | 1.1 | 0.9-1.3 | 1.6 | 1.1-2.3 | 1.1 | 0.8-1.5 | |
| Strong | 308 | 1.3 | 1.1-1.5 | 1.7 | 1.3-2.2 | 1.5 | 1.2-2.0 | |
*
Responses may not all add up to 564 due to a few missing answers.