Table 3.
Pathogens causing paediatric bacteraemia in Kilifi District Hospital, 2002–09
| Nosocomial (total [%]) | Health-care-associated*(total [%]) | Community-acquired (total [%]) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gram-negative organisms | ||||
| Escherichia coli | 44 (21%) | 16 (11%) | 144 (9%) | |
| Proteus mirabilis | 3 (1%) | 1 (1%) | 6 (<1%) | |
| Klebsiella pneumoniae | 43 (20%) | 2 (1%) | 37 (2%) | |
| Klebsiella spp (other) | 9 (4%) | 1 (1%) | 5 (<1%) | |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa | 16 (8%) | 8 (6%) | 31 (2%) | |
| Pseudomonas spp (other) | 3 (1%) | 1 (1%) | 24 (2%) | |
| Acinetobacter spp | 19 (9%) | 12 (9%) | 159 (10%) | |
| Non-typhi Salmonella spp | 3 (1%) | 10 (7%) | 136 (9%) | |
| Salmonella typhi | 2 (1%) | 0 (0%) | 12 (1%) | |
| Other enterobacteriaceae | 8 (4%) | 4 (3%) | 26 (2%) | |
| Haemophilus influenzae | 2 (1%) | 4 (3%) | 99 (6%) | |
| Other Gram-negative organisms | 4 (2%) | 0 (0%) | 59 (4%) | |
| Gram-positive organisms | ||||
| Staphylococcus aureus | 20 (9%) | 22 (16%) | 198 (13%) | |
| Streptococcus pneumoniae | 3 (1%) | 23 (16%) | 459 (29%) | |
| Group A streptococci | 1 (1%) | 5 (4%) | 71 (5%) | |
| Group B streptococci | 2 (1%) | 18 (13%) | 26 (2%) | |
| Group D streptococci | 18 (9%) | 12 (9%) | 53 (3%) | |
| Other gram-positive organisms | 1 (1%) | 2 (1%) | 37 (2%) | |
| Fungi | ||||
| Yeasts | 11 (5%) | 1 (1%) | 8 (1%) | |
| Total pathogens† | 212 (100%) | 141 (100%) | 1590 (100%) | |
Data are number of episodes.
*
Health-care-associated infection was defined as bacteraemia within the first 48 h of admission to hospital when within 28 days of discharge from hospital or hospital birth.
†
Contaminants were grown from 19·5% of samples collected in the first 48 h after admission and 18·1% of samples obtained 48 h or more after admission. These proportions did not differ significantly (p=0·11).