Table 2. Risk of renal cell carcinoma in relation to blood telomere lengtha.
| Telomere length quartileb | N cases | N controls | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | Adjusted OR (95% CI)c |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Overall | ||||
| 4th Quartile | 259 | 222 | Ref | Ref |
| 3rd Quartile | 177 | 224 | 0.68 (0.52, 0.88) | 0.69 (0.51, 0.93) |
| 2nd Quartile | 242 | 224 | 0.93 (0.72, 1.20) | 0.90 (0.67, 1.20) |
| 1st Quartile | 213 | 224 | 0.82 (0.63, 1.06) | 0.79 (0.59, 1.07) |
| Ptrend=0.29 | Ptrend=0.25 | |||
| Stratified analyses | ||||
| Sex | ||||
| Women | ||||
| 4th Quartile | 116 | 102 | Ref | Ref |
| 3rd Quartile | 80 | 108 | 0.65 (0.44, 0.96) | 0.68 (0.43, 1.09) |
| 2nd Quartile | 104 | 82 | 1.12 (0.75, 1.65) | 1.11 (0.69, 1.79) |
| 1st Quartile | 69 | 89 | 0.68 (0.45, 1.03) | 0.60 (0.36, 0.99) |
| Ptrend=0.28 | Ptrend=0.17 | |||
| Men | ||||
| 4th Quartile | 143 | 120 | Ref | Ref |
| 3rd Quartile | 97 | 116 | 0.70 (0.49, 1.01) | 0.73 (0.49, 1.08) |
| 2nd Quartile | 138 | 142 | 0.82 (0.58, 1.14) | 0.82 (0.56, 1.19) |
| 1st Quartile | 144 | 135 | 0.90 (0.64, 1.25) | 0.90 (0.61, 1.32) |
| Ptrend=0.59 | Ptrend=0.66 | |||
| Race | ||||
| African American | ||||
| 4th Quartile | 80 | 107 | Ref | Ref |
| 3rd Quartile | 44 | 86 | 0.68 (0.43, 1.09) | 0.73 (0.43, 1.26) |
| 2nd Quartile | 57 | 87 | 0.88 (0.56, 1.36) | 0.73 (0.43, 1.23) |
| 1st Quartile | 52 | 64 | 1.09 (0.68, 1.73) | 0.84 (0.48, 1.46) |
| Ptrend=0.85 | Ptrend=0.42 | |||
| Caucasian | ||||
| 4th Quartile | 179 | 115 | Ref | Ref |
| 3rd Quartile | 133 | 138 | 0.62 (0.44, 0.86) | 0.69 (0.48, 0.99) |
| 2nd Quartile | 185 | 137 | 0.87 (0.63, 1.20) | 0.97 (0.68, 1.39) |
| 1st Quartile | 161 | 160 | 0.65 (0.47, 0.89) | 0.76 (0.53, 1.10) |
| Ptrend=0.04 | Ptrend=0.32 | |||
| Age | ||||
| Under 60 years of age | ||||
| 4th Quartile | 177 | 160 | Ref | Ref |
| 3rd Quartile | 99 | 123 | 0.73 (0.52, 1.02) | 0.81 (0.55, 1.20) |
| 2nd Quartile | 103 | 105 | 0.89 (0.63, 1.25) | 1.00 (0.67, 1.49) |
| 1st Quartile | 80 | 67 | 1.08 (0.73, 1.59) | 1.29 (0.83, 2.02) |
| Ptrend>0.99 | Ptrend=0.36 | |||
| 60+ years of age | ||||
| 4th Quartile | 82 | 62 | Ref | Ref |
| 3rd Quartile | 78 | 101 | 0.58 (0.38, 0.91) | 0.60 (0.38, 0.96) |
| 2nd Quartile | 139 | 119 | 0.88 (0.59, 1.33) | 0.85 (0.55, 1.32) |
| 1st Quartile | 133 | 157 | 0.64 (0.43, 0.96) | 0.62 (0.40, 0.95) |
| Ptrend=0.13 | Ptrend=0.09 | |||
| Source of DNA specimen | ||||
| Whole bloodd | ||||
| 4th Quartile | 145 | 192 | Ref | Ref |
| 3rd Quartile | 139 | 192 | 0.96 (0.71, 1.30) | 0.78 (0.55, 1.10) |
| 2nd Quartile | 180 | 192 | 1.24 (0.92, 1.67) | 0.88 (0.63, 1.23) |
| 1st Quartile | 163 | 192 | 1.12 (0.83, 1.52) | 0.79 (0.56, 1.11) |
| Ptrend=0.23 | Ptrend=0.25 | |||
| Buffy coate | ||||
| 4th Quartile | 72 | 32 | Ref | Ref |
| 3rd Quartile | 55 | 31 | 0.79 (0.43, 1.45) | 0.68 (0.35, 1.32) |
| 2nd Quartile | 68 | 32 | 0.94 (0.52, 1.71) | 0.80 (0.41, 1.57) |
| 1st Quartile | 69 | 31 | 0.99 (0.55, 1.79) | 1.11 (0.56, 2.21) |
| Ptrend=0.90 | Ptrend=0.70 | |||
Abbreviations: OR=odds ratio; CI=confidence interval; BMI=body mass index.
Telomere length measurements were expressed as the standardised T/S ratio.
Quartiles were determined based on the distribution of telomere length measurements among controls. Cut points were defined as follows: Q1, ⩽0.7288; Q2, 0.7289–0.8535; Q3, 0.8536–0.9795; and Q4, ⩾0.9796.
Adjusted for the following covariates: sex, age, race, smoking status, BMI, history of hypertension, level of education, study centre (Detroit or Chicago), and material type (whole blood or buffy coat). In all, 30 subjects with missing data for smoking status, BMI, or history of hypertension were excluded from this analysis.
Quartiles based on the distribution of telomere length measurements among controls with whole blood samples. Cut points were defined as follows: Q1, ⩽0.7197; Q2, 0.7198–0.8341; Q3, 0.8342–0.9633; and Q4, ⩾0.9634.
Quartiles based on the distribution of telomere length measurements among controls with buffy coat samples. Cut points were defined as follows: Q1, ⩽0.8323; Q2, 0.8324–0.9651; Q3, 0.9652–1.1048; and Q4, ⩾1.1049.