Table 1.
Patient Characteristics and Rates of Detection of HSV 1&2, VZV, EBV, and CMV
| No meningitis |
Bacterial meningitis |
|||
| HIV negative (n = 15) | HIV positive (n = 24) | HIV negative (n = 34) | HIV positive (n = 115) | |
| Male, no. (%) | 7 (47%) | 11 (46%) | 22 (65%) | 42 (37%) |
| Age, y | 27 (16–77) | 35 (21–50) | 27 (16–79) | 32 (16–78) |
| CD4 count,a cells/mm3 | … | 188 (25–553) | … | 157 (1–457) |
| Mortality (%)b | NA | NA | 12/34 (35%) | 64/108 (59%) |
| CSF white cell count, cells/mm3 | 0 | 0 | 960 (30–6160) | 365 (10–72 080) |
| CSF PCR results (%) | ||||
| HSV1 | 1/15 (7%) | 1/24 (4%) | 0/32 (0%) | 1/97 (1%) |
| HSV2 | 0/15 (0%) | 0/24 (0%) | 0/32 (0%) | 0/97 (0%) |
| VZV | 0/15 (0%) | 0/17 (0%) | 0/28 (0%) | 0/76 (0%) |
| EBV | 0/15 (0%) | 6/24 (25%) | 9/34 (26%) | 70/115 (61%) |
| CMV | 0/15 (0%) | 0/24 (0%) | 0/34 (0%) | 11/115 (10%) |
| EBV load in CSF, copies/mL | … | 1202 (182–2281) | 1102 (365–7269) | 6849 (511–223 323) |
| EBV load in blood, copies/mL | NA | NA | 2874 (1146–201 905) | 31 010 (751–35 658 200) |
Values are median (range) unless otherwise stated.
Abbreviations: CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; CMV, cytomegalovirus; EBV, Epstein-Barr virus; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; HSV 1 & 2, herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2; NA, not available; PCR, polymerase chain reaction; VZV, varicella zoster virus.
a
CD4 count available for 23 patients without meningitis and 45 patients with meningitis.
b
Outcome data not available for 7 patients with meningitis.