Table 4.
Maternal smoking deregulates placental methylation that correlates with significant alterations in gene expression along signature pathways
| Top Canonical Pathways | p value | Ratio |
| Oxidative Phosphorylation | 8.52E-04 | 11/140 (0.079) |
| Pentose Phosphate Pathway | 1.33E-03 | 5/33 (0.152) |
| Mitochondrial Dysfunction | 1.91E-03 | 10/133 (0.075) |
| HIF1γ signaling | 4.28E-03 | 8/104 (0.077) |
| Citrate Cycle | 5.77E-03 | 4/29 (0.138) |
| Top Molecular and Cellular Functions | p value | Molecules (number) |
| Cell Death | 2.21E-07 - 4.99E-02 | 83 |
| Cell Morphology | 1.97E-04 - 4.99E-02 | 31 |
| Cell-to-cell Signaling | 6.68E-04 - 4.99E-02 | 26 |
| Cell Development | 1.20E-03 - 4.99E-02 | 37 |
| Drug Metabolism | 1.55E-03 - 4.99E-02 | 15 |
Genes that showed a correlation between expression and promoter methylation were uploaded to Ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) for the determination of canonical pathways and biological functions enriched within the data set.