Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2006 Feb 22;4:e0075. doi: 10.1199/tab.0075

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

The American Society of Plant Biologists

PMC Copyright notice

Figure 38. — Hormone induced parthenocarpy. (A) Effects of hormone application to wild-type gynoecia at stage 13. 10 µmol of auxin (indoleacetic acid IAA or naphthylacetic acetic acid NAA), 1 µmol of cytokinin (benzyl adenine BA), or 0.1, 1, and 10 µmol of gibberellin (gibberellic acid GA3) induce elongation of the fruit without fertilization. 0.1, 1, or 10 µmol of each hormone were tested. (B) Longitudinal section of the valve of a stage 13 Ler gynoecium. (C) Longitudinal section of the valve of a mature unpollinated Ler gynoecium. Some cell expansion has occurred, but very little cell division. The enb layer has not lignified. (D) Stage 17 mature pollinated wild-type fruit. The exocarp cells have elongated. The mesocarp cells have divided. The enb cells have elongated extensively. The ena cells have expanded in all directions. (E) Longitudinal section of the valve of an unpollinated silique treated with GA. The valve cells have developed as they have in pollinated siliques. (F) Longitudinal section of cytokinin treated unpollinated silique. (G) Longitudinal section of an auxin treated unpollinated silique. The cells have expanded especially in width. Little cell division has occurred. Scale bar in A represents 1 cm. Scale bar in B represents 100 µm. A-G: from Vivian-Smith and Koltunow, 1999.