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. 2011 Jun 22;9(67):339–350. doi: 10.1098/rsif.2011.0255

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This journal is © 2011 The Royal Society

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Figure 4. — R₀ recent evolution. (a) R₀ standardized anomalies (histogram) over northwest and (b) southwest Europe. The standardized anomalies are computed retrieving the long-term mean and then weighting by the standard deviation (ASO 1961–1999). The area to compute the indices is displayed in the lower left corner. The observed BT and AHS outbreaks are represented for different areas by the associated markers. R₀ is estimated from the observed climate dataset. The line represents anomalies of owing to the variations of the three virus transmission parameters (a, μ and ν) with the vector-to-host ratio, m, held constant.

Inline graphic — R₀ recent evolution. (a) R₀ standardized anomalies (histogram) over northwest and (b) southwest Europe. The standardized anomalies are computed retrieving the long-term mean and then weighting by the standard deviation (ASO 1961–1999). The area to compute the indices is displayed in the lower left corner. The observed BT and AHS outbreaks are represented for different areas by the associated markers. R₀ is estimated from the observed climate dataset. The line represents anomalies of owing to the variations of the three virus transmission parameters (a, μ and ν) with the vector-to-host ratio, m, held constant.