Table 3.
Overview of carotid artery stenting versus carotid endarterectomy trials.
| Trial (year) | Stenosis (%) | Treatment | Results |
|---|---|---|---|
| EVA-3S (2006) | ≥60 symptomatic | CEA versus CAS | Terminated early due to higher deaths and strokes in the stenting group |
|
| |||
| SAPPHIRE (2004) | >50 symptomatic | CEA versus CAS | Stenting noninferior to CEA in high-risk patients |
| ≥80 asymptomatic | |||
|
| |||
| SPACE (2008) | ≥50 symptomatic | CEA versus CAS | Results were not similar enough to prove noninferiority of stenting |
|
| |||
| ICSS (2010) | ≥50 symptomatic | CEA versus CAS | Risk of any stroke was higher with stenting 7.7% versus 4.1% with surgery |
|
| |||
| CREST (2010) | ≥50 symptomatic | CEA versus CAS | Periprocedural stroke, MI, or death or ipsilateral stroke 7.2% with stenting versus 6.8% with surgery |
| ≥60 asymptomatic | |||
CAS: Carotid artery stenting; CEA: Carotid endarterectomy; CREST: Carotid Revascularization Endarterectomy Versus Stenting Trial; EVA-3S: Endarterectomy Versus Stenting in Patients With Symptomatic Severe Carotid Stenosis Trial; ICSS: International Carotid Stenting Study; MI: Myocardial infarction; SAPPHIRE: Stenting and Angioplasty With Protection in Patients at High Risk for Endarterectomy; SPACE: Stent-Protected Angioplasty Versus Carotid Endarterectomy in Symptomatic Patients Trial.