Overexpression of HDAC3 increases galectin-9 expression. A–C, HUVECs were transfected with pShuttle2-FLAG-HDAC3 plasmid (pHDAC3, 2 μg/2 × 106cells) via electroporation, followed by Western blotting (A), routine RT-PCR (B), and real time RT-PCR (C) assays 48 h after transfection. pShuttle2-FLAG vector was included as mock control. **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.0001. D–F, HUVECs were infected with Ad-FLAG-HDAC3 virus at the m.o.i. indicated, followed by Western blotting (D), routine RT-PCR (E), and real time RT-PCR (F) assays 48 h after infection. Ad-null virus was included as negative control and to compensate the m.o.i. *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01. -Fold of induction was defined as the ratio of target gene mRNA to 18 S RNA with that of control group set as 1.0. Data presented are representative of mean ± S.E. (error bars) of three independent experiments.