FoxO3A knockdown xenograft tumours are metabolically changed and exhibit impaired growth and increased apoptosis. (A) HeLa Ctrl and FoxO3A knockdown cell clones were injected subcutaneously into the left and right flanks of nude mice, respectively. Growth of the tumour xenografts was monitored using a caliper. Error bars indicate s.e.m. (n=12). (B) At the final day of the experiment, F-18-FDG accumulation in FoxO3A knockdown tumours and control tumours was assessed by PET. Error bars indicate s.e.m. (n=12), **P<0.01 using Student's t-test. (C) Protein was extracted from four Ctrl and FoxO3A knockdown tumours of comparable size within each experimental group and the extracts were analysed by immunoblotting. (D) Example of a PET/CT fusion image showing glucose uptake of Ctrl (right arrow) and FoxO3A knockdown (left arrow) tumours. (E) RNA was extracted from eight xenograft tumours originating from Ctrl, FoxO3A-KD#1, and FoxO3A-KD#2 cells and analysed by qPCR. The results are normalized to 18S rRNA and are shown as fold of Ctrl. Error bars indicate mean±s.d., **P<0.01, ***P<0.001 using Student's t-test.