Table 3. Predictors for receiving an initial ART regimen in violation with the IAS-USA recommendations (N = 4,189).
| Basic characteristics | Treatment | Univariable analysis | Multivariable analysis | |||
| recommended | Violation | OR (95%CI) | p-value | OR (95% CI) | p-value | |
| Period | ||||||
| 1998–2000 | 810 (91.8) | 72 (8.2) | ref. | <0.001 | ref. | <0.001 |
| 2000–2002 | 1017 (94.0) | 65 (6.0) | 0.72 (0.51–1.02) | 0.72 (0.50–1.03) | ||
| 2002–2004 | 773 (97.4) | 21 (2.6) | 0.31 (0.19–0.50) | 0.30 (0.18–0.49) | ||
| 2004–2006 | 804 (97.3) | 22 (2.7) | 0.31 (0.19–0.50) | 0.31 (0.19–0.52) | ||
| 2006–2007 | 568 (93.9) | 37 (6.1) | 0.73 (0.49–1.11) | 0.76 (0.49–1.16) | ||
| Sex | ||||||
| Male | 2728 (95.6) | 126 (4.4) | ref. | 0.001 | ref. | 0.001 |
| Female | 1244 (93.2) | 91 (6.8) | 1.58 (1.20–2.09) | 1.83 (1.28–2.62) | ||
| Age at start | ||||||
| 18–30 | 829 (93.7) | 56 (6.3) | ref. | 0.22 | ref. | 0.85 |
| 31–40 | 1678 (94.8) | 92 (5.2) | 0.81 (0.58–1.14) | 0.91 (0.63–1.30) | ||
| 41–50 | 924 (95.2) | 47 (4.8) | 0.75 (0.51–1.12) | 1.05 (0.68–1.62) | ||
| >50 | 541 (96.1) | 22 (3.9) | 0.60 (0.36–1.00) | 0.91 (0.53–1.58) | ||
| Region of origin | ||||||
| NW Europe | 2592 (95.1) | 134 (4.9) | ref. | 0.55 | ref. | 0.73 |
| Sub-Saharan Africa | 612 (94.1) | 38 (5.9) | 1.20 (0.83–1.74) | 1.15 (0.72–1.83) | ||
| Other | 766 (94.5) | 45 (5.5) | 1.14 (0.80–1.61) | 1.14 (0.79–1.65) | ||
| Risk | ||||||
| MSM | 1360 (95.1) | 70 (4.9) | ref. | 0.24 | ref. | 0.11 |
| Heterosexual | 1759 (95.1) | 90 (4.9) | 0.99 (0.72–1.37) | 0.73 (0.47–1.13) | ||
| IDU | 681 (93.3) | 49 (6.7) | 1.40 (0.96–2.04) | 1.20 (0.77–1.88) | ||
| Other | 172 (95.6) | 8 (4.4) | 0.90 (0.43–1.91) | 0.66 (0.29–1.46) | ||
| Source of follow-up | ||||||
| SHCS Center | 2622 (95.3) | 130 (4.7) | ref | 0.20 | ref. | 0.85 |
| other | 1039 (94.3) | 63 (5.7) | 1.22 (0.90–1.67) | 1.03 (0.75–1.42) | ||
| CD4 count at start | ||||||
| <200 | 1814 (96.4) | 68 (3.6) | ref. | 0.004 | ref. | 0.10 |
| 200–349 | 1122 (95.3) | 55 (4.7) | 1.31 (0.91–1.88) | 1.34 (0.91–1.97) | ||
| > = 350 | 709 (93.4) | 50 (6.6) | 1.88 (1.29–2.74) | 1.53 (1.02–2.30) | ||
| Active HBV infection | ||||||
| No | 3593 (94.9) | 191(5.1) | ref | 0.59 | ref. | 0.57 |
| Yes | 243 (94.2) | 15 (5.8) | 1.16 (0.68–2.00) | 1.18 (0.67–2.06) | ||
| Log viral load at start | ||||||
| < = 4 | 792 (93.6) | 54 (6.4) | ref | 0.01 | ref. | 0.09 |
| 4–5 | 1301 (96.2) | 51 (3.8) | 0.57 (0.39–0.85) | 0.62 (0.40–0.95) | ||
| >5 | 1544 (96.0) | 64 (4.0) | 0.61 (0.42–0.88) | 0.70 (0.46–1.08) | ||
| Education | ||||||
| no or low education | 2873 (95.3) | 141 (4.7) | ref. | 0.04 | ref. | 0.02 |
| higher education | 996 (93.7) | 67 (6.3) | 1.37 (1.02–1.85) | 1.49 (1.07–2.06) | ||
| ART ≥3 mo. before inclusion | ||||||
| No | 3093 (95.7) | 140 (4.3) | ref | <0.001 | ref. | <0.001 |
| Yes | 879 (91.9) | 77 (8.1) | 1.94 (1.45–2.58) | 1.98 (1.45–2.70) | ||