Table 1. Definitions and labels for covariates tested in resource selection models.

Covariate	Label	Definition
Park	park	discrete variable; sample found inside Emas National Park
Distance to park	parkDist	distance, in meters, to the National Park
Natural water spring	spring	discrete variable; site is within 500 m of a natural water spring
Rivers	river	distance, in meters, to the nearest permanent river-like waterway
Any road	road	within 30 meters of any road, paved or unpaved
Distance to road	roadDist	distance, in kilometers, to any road, paved or unpaved
Distance to main road	MainroadDist	distance, in kilometers, to any paved or busy road
Riverine forest	forest	discrete variable; high, tall-canopy forest habitat determined by year-round high soil moisture.
Woodland cerrado	cerrado	discrete variable; closed woodland with crown cover of 50% to 90%, made up of trees, often 8–12 m or even taller, casting a considerable shade so that the ground layer is much reduced
Open cerrado	open cerrado	discrete variable; vegetation is dominated (at least visually) by trees and shrubs often 3–8 m tall and giving more than 30% crown cover but with still a fair amount of herbaceous vegetation
Open grassland	grassland	discrete variable; dry grassland without shrubs or trees or with a scattering of shrubs and small trees
Inundated marshland	marsh	discrete variable; seasonally waterlogged grasslands
Cattle pasture	pasture	discrete variable; pasture area used for grazing livestock, predominantly cattle
Agriculture	agriculture	discrete variable; agricultural land used for growing soy, corn, millet, cotton, or sugar cane
Unknown	unknown	habitat of unknown type; classification could not be determined due to cloud cover over satellite image
Distance to agriculture	agDist	distance, in kilometers, to any agricultural field
Distance to closed	closedDist	distance, in kilometers, to either forest or cerrado
Distance to edge	edgeDist	distance, in kilometers, to any habitat edge
Closed-canopy	closed	proportion of closed-canopy habitat (cerrado, forest) within 1.4 km2 of a sample
Open-canopy	open	proportion of non-agriculture, open-canopy habitat (grassland, open cerrado, ranchland) within 1.4 km2 of a sample
Natural habitat	natural	proportion of natural habitat (forest, cerrado, open cerrado, grassland, marsh) within 1.4 km2 of sample
Non-cropland	nocrop	proportion of non-cropland habitat within 1 km2 of a sample
Elevation	elevation	elevation, in meters, as analyzed from a Digital Elevation Model
Habitat heterogeneity	heterogeneous	number of different vegetation types within small, medium, and large window around sample