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Acute activation of NADPH oxidase (Nox) in phagocytes and SMC. Sensing the activation of phagocytes, S100A8/9 complexes with p67phox to rapidly move and combine components of the cytosol Nox complex to release superoxide in a respiratory burst aimed to destroy bacteria28. In SMCs S100A12 binds to RAGE and Nox1 and induces oxidative stress resulting in phenotypic changes of SMCs and possibly cell death [5].
