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. 2004 Jan 15;18(2):157–169. doi: 10.1101/gad.1138104

Figure 1.

Figure 1.

Fasting and PGC-1α induce FXR mRNA levels. (A) Northern blot analysis of gene expression in fasted livers. FXR+/+ and FXR-/- mice (n = 4 or 5 per group) were fed either standard chow diet or fasted for 24 h. Total hepatic RNA was analyzed by Northern blot analysis using the indicated probes. (HL) Hepatic lipase. (B) Relative mRNA expression of FXRα1/α2 and FXRα3/α4 in fasted livers. Real-time PCR was used to identify the relative expression of FXRα1 + FXRα2 and FXRα3 + FXRα4 in the livers of mice either fed a chow diet or fasted for 24 h (n = 4 or 5 per group). The values are normalized to cyclophilin mRNA. (C) Ectopic expression of PGC-1α induces FXR expression. Murine primary hepatocytes were infected with adenovirus containing cDNA encoding either green fluorescent protein (GFP; Ad-GFP) or PGC-1α (Ad-PGC-1α) for 48 h, followed by treatment with either vehicle (DMSO) or the FXR ligand GW4064 (1 μM) for 24 h. Total RNA was isolated and mRNAs were identified by Northern blot assay. (D) PGC-1α differentially induces FXRα3/α4 expression in primary hepatocytes. FXR+/+ primary hepatocytes were infected with Ad-GFP or Ad-PGC-1α for 48 h. Total RNA was isolated and real-time PCR was used to analyze the relative expression of FXRα1 + α2 and FXRα3 + α4. (E) cAMP differentially induces FXRα3/α4 expression in primary hepatocytes. Primary hepatocytes were treated with or without 1 mM 8-bromo-cAMP (cAMP) for 24 h. Northern blot or real-time PCR was used to analyze the indicated gene expression. (*) p < 0.05; (**) p < 0.01.