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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Dec 22.
Published in final edited form as: Nat Med. 2011 Aug 21;17(9):1076–1085. doi: 10.1038/nm.2439

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Morphology, glycogen content, mitochondria size and mitochondrial DNA content in cardiac muscle of wild-type and Atg/KO mice. (a) Cardiac muscle glycogen content (measured as glucose after hydrolysis) of 10-week-old female wild-type and Atg/KO mice (n = 9). (b) Transmission electron microscopy of cardiac muscle sections from 10-weeks old female mice. Top images, wild-type cardiac muscle sections show a typical intermyofibrillar network containing mitochondria (M), glycogen (*Gly) and lipid droplets (LD). In Atg/KO cardiac muscle (lower panels) lipid droplet size and the number of glycogen granules embedded within the intermyofibrillar network are increased. VE, vessel. Scale bars, 1 μm for upper and lower left images; 0.5 μm for upper and lower right images. (c,d) Morphometric (c) and cytofluorimetric (d) analyses of mitochondria from cardiac muscle of wild-type and Atg/KO mice. Size was either determined from sections of 100 randomly selected mitochondria per genotype or from isolated mitochondria (fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis, n = 4). AU, arbitrary units. (e) Relative mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content (normalized to the single-copy nuclear gene Ndufv1) in cardiac muscle of 10-week-old female wild-type and Atg/KO mice (n = 5). Error bars are means ± s.d. **P < 0.01.