Table 2.
Associations with lytic/latent KSHV# seropositivity
| Overall KSHV# positive€ | Positive to Lytic K8.1 only¥ | Positive to Latent Orf 73 onlyβ | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total Positive (n, %) |
Adjusted PR# (95%CI) | Total Positive (n, %) | Adjusted PR# (95%CI) |
Total Positive (n, %) |
Adjusted PR# (95%CI) | |
| Gender | ||||||
| Female | 127 (66%) | 1 | 104 (66%) | 1 | 73 (62%) | 1 |
| Male | 66 (34%) | 0.96 (0.77-1.19) | 54 (34%) | 0.98 (0.75-1.26) | 44 (38%) | 1.16 (0.84-1.60) |
| Age category | ||||||
| < 40 yrs. | 118 (61%) | 1 | 94 (59%) | 1 | 69 (60%) | 1 |
| ≥ 40 yrs. | 75 (39%) | 1.06 (0.86-1.31) | 64 (41%) | 1.00 (0.78-1.29) | 48 (41%) | 0.99 (0.73-1.35) |
| Language | ||||||
| Zulu | 43 (32%) | 1 | 35 (33%) | 1 | 29 (35%) | 1 |
| Other | 90 (68%) | 1.21 (0.93-1.58) | 71 (67%) | 1.17 (0.84-1.62) | 54 (65%) | 1.09 (0.75-1.59) |
| Has tuberculosis | ||||||
| No | 160 (86%) | 1 | 131 (87%) | 1 | 97 (87%) | 1 |
| Yes | 25 (14%) | 1.06 (0.78-1.42) | 20 (13%) | 1.08 (0.74-1.57) | 15 (13%) | 1.06 (0.67-1.67) |
| BMI category | ||||||
| < 18.5 | 36 (21%) | 1 | 28 (20%) | 1 | 20 (19%) | 1 |
| ≥ 18.5 | 137 79%) | 1.28 (0.97-1.70) | 114 (80%) | 1.33 (0.94-1.90) | 85 (81%) | 1.46 (0.94-2.26) |
| Hemoglobin | ||||||
| ≥ 8.5 g/dL | 166 (89%) | 1 | 136 (89%) | 1 | 96 (85%) | 1 |
| < 8.5 g/dL | 21 (11%) | 1.15 (0.84-1.56) | 17 (11%) | 1.17 (0.80-1.72) | 17 (15%) | 1.64 (1.11-2.43) |
| CD4 count | ||||||
| 0-50 cells | 47 (28%) | 1 | 39 (28%) | 1 | 24 (23%) | 1 |
| 51-100 cells | 39 (23%) | 1.18 (0.87-1.62) | 29 (21%) | 1.03 (0.68-1.55) | 28 (27%) | 1.61 (0.97-2.66) |
| 101-200 cells | 65 (38%) | 1.28 (0.97-1.68) | 53 (38%) | 1.16 (0.75-1.81) | 37 (36%) | 1.29 (0.72-2.30) |
| 201-350 cells | 19 (11%) | 0.98 (0.65-1.47) | 17 (12%) | 0.96 (0.52-1.76) | 15 (14%) | 1.27 (0.59-2.90) |
| CD3 count | ||||||
| < 500 cells | 41 (21%) | 1 | 34 (22%) | 1 | 22 (19%) | 1 |
| ≥ 500 cells | 152 (79%) | 1.35 (1.04-1.76) | 124 (78%) | 1.31 (0.93-1.84) | 95 (81%) | 1.62 (1.04-2.54) |
| CD8 count | ||||||
| < 500 cells | 64 (33%) | 1 | 54 (34%) | 1 | 35 (30%) | 1 |
| ≥ 500 cells | 129 (67%) | 1.20 (0.96-1.50) | 104 (66%) | 1.09 (0.81-1.47) | 82 (70%) | 1.41 (0.96-2.09) |
# KSHV = Kaposi sarcoma herpes virus, PR = prevalence ratio estimated from log-binomial regression model. All models adjusted for sex, age and baseline CD4 count
€ KSHV negative individuals used as the comparison group
¥ Those who did not react to lytic K8.1 including the KSHV negative individuals used as the comparison group
β Those who did not react to latent Orf73 including the KSHV negative individuals used as the comparison group