Table 2.

Prevalence of drug use throughout the 24 week intervention period^*

	Total n (%)	DOT n (%)	TAU n (%)	p-value
Any cocaine use†	56 (73.7)	25 (65.8)	31 (81.6)	0.12
Frequent cocaine use‡	42 (55.3)	22 (57.9)	20 (52.6)	0.64
Any opiate use	51 (67.1)	26 (68.4)	25 (65.8)	0.81
Frequent opiate use	20 (26.3)	9 (23.7)	11 (29.0)	0.60
Any polysubstance use§	32 (42.1)	17 (44.7)	15 (39.5)	0.64
Frequent polysubstance use	12 (15.8)	5 (13.2)	7 (18.4)	0.53

^*Maximum number of possible tests per participant = 13; median number of tests collected=11 in DOT arm, 12 in TAU arm, and 11 in both study arms.

^†Any drug use is defined as having one or more positive urine toxicology test results over the 24 week period.

^‡Frequent drug use is defined as having ≥ 50% positive urine toxicology test results over the 24 week period.

^§Polysubstance use is defined as having a urine toxicology test positive for both cocaine and opiates.