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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Am J Med. 2012 Jan;125(1):79–86. doi: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2011.06.024

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) for all-cause mortality, according to baseline frailty status and respiratory impairment (N = 3,471) a

a Single Cox regression model, adjusted for age, height, gender, smoking history, BMI, BMI2, health status, and chronic conditions. The reference group included non-frail participants who had normal pulmonary function. There was a significant interaction between frailty and respiratory impairment (p=.037). The sample size of each subgroup is provided in Table 5.