Table 4.
Patient characteristics, according to quintiles of hospital-level SNF rates following AMI hospitalization
| Characteristics | Overall | Lowest | 2 | 3 | 4 | Highest |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SNF rates | 0-77.8 | 0-13.1 | 13.2-18.4 | 18.5-25.0 | 25.1-34.8 | 34.9-77.8 |
| No. of patients | 539869 | 143715 | 156232 | 130153 | 70910 | 38859 |
| No. of hospitals | 2453 | 490 | 491 | 498 | 484 | 490 |
| Mean age (standard deviation) | 78.8 (8.0) | 77.1 (7.6) | 78.1 (7.8) | 79.0 (7.9) | 80.0 (8.1) | 83.3 (7.9) |
| Male | 49.6 | 53.2 | 51.2 | 49.3 | 44.9 | 39.5 |
| White | 88.0 | 86.8 | 89.2 | 89.4 | 89.4 | 91.6 |
| Black | 7.2 | 8.5 | 6.5 | 7.1 | 7.1 | 5.6 |
| Other | 3.9 | 4.7 | 4.2 | 3.4 | 3.3 | 2.7 |
| Cardiovascular and Comorbidity Conditions | ||||||
| Coronary artery disease | 80.9 | 84.4 | 83.2 | 81.0 | 75.7 | 67.2 |
| Diabetes mellitus and complications | 42.0 | 41.3 | 41.4 | 42.4 | 42.7 | 44.0 |
| Iron deficiency and other anemias | 37.6 | 33.4 | 35.8 | 38.8 | 42.1 | 48.0 |
| Vascular or circulatory disease | 33.8 | 30.1 | 32.1 | 35.1 | 37.9 | 42.1 |
| Arrhythmias | 33.0 | 29.1 | 31.8 | 34.0 | 36.5 | 40.5 |
| Congestive heart failure | 32.9 | 28.8 | 31.0 | 33.2 | 38.0 | 45.5 |
| Valvular and rheumatic heart disease | 31.0 | 27.7 | 29.7 | 32.7 | 34.5 | 36.1 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 30.2 | 29.0 | 29.4 | 29.8 | 32.2 | 35.8 |
| History of infection | 25.0 | 19.2 | 22.9 | 26.9 | 30.9 | 37.0 |
| Disorders of fluid/electrolyte/acid-base | 24.1 | 21.5 | 22.9 | 24.6 | 26.9 | 31.8 |
| Angina pectoris / old myocardial infarction | 23.7 | 23.1 | 23.6 | 23.9 | 24.3 | 24.3 |
| Pneumonia | 23.1 | 19.5 | 21.5 | 23.0 | 27.3 | 35.1 |
| Acute coronary syndrome | 23.0 | 22.5 | 22.9 | 22.7 | 23.3 | 25.6 |
| Other urinary tract disorders | 21.8 | 20.2 | 21.2 | 22.3 | 23.6 | 25.7 |
| Renal failure | 19.4 | 17.1 | 18.6 | 20.2 | 21.6 | 25.0 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 19.4 | 17.8 | 18.6 | 20.2 | 21.1 | 22.9 |
| Cancer | 18.7 | 17.7 | 18.6 | 19.8 | 19.2 | 18.9 |
| Dementia and senility | 16.5 | 12.7 | 14.3 | 16.5 | 21.6 | 30.0 |
| Myocardial infarction, other than anterior | 13.3 | 16.0 | 14.7 | 12.7 | 10.0 | 6.3 |
| Myocardial infarction, anterior | 9.6 | 10.9 | 10.2 | 9.3 | 7.9 | 6.2 |
| History of PCI | 8.8 | 9.9 | 9.3 | 8.9 | 7.1 | 4.7 |
| Stroke | 8.1 | 7.0 | 7.2 | 8.2 | 9.7 | 11.7 |
| Decubitus ulcer or chronic skin ulcer | 7.4 | 5.4 | 6.6 | 8.0 | 9.7 | 12.4 |
| History of CABG | 6.3 | 6.4 | 5.8 | 6.3 | 6.7 | 6.6 |
| Asthma | 5.8 | 5.9 | 6.1 | 6.0 | 5.9 | 5.6 |
| Hemiplegia, paraplegia, paralysis | 5.4 | 4.7 | 5.1 | 5.5 | 6.4 | 7.5 |
| Protein-calorie malnutrition | 3.9 | 3.4 | 3.7 | 3.6 | 4.7 | 5.5 |
| End-stage renal disease or dialysis | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.3 | 2.4 | 2.1 | 2.0 |
| Metastatic cancer and acute leukemia | 2.1 | 1.7 | 2.0 | 2.2 | 2.4 | 2.8 |
Abbreviations: CABG, coronary artery bypass graft surgery; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention
p<0.0001 for all comparisons across quintiles using ANOVA for continuous variables and chi-square test for categorical variables