Table 2.
Baseline Characteristics Associated with Pathophysiologic Calf Skeletal Muscle Measures in Men and Women with Peripheral Arterial Disease.
| 1st Tertile (20.1– 31.3 gm/cm3) |
2nd Tertile (31.3–34.6 gm/cm3) |
3rd Tertile (34.7–41.4 gm/cm3) |
P-trend | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CALF MUSCLE DENSITY | ||||
| N | 123 | 124 | 123 | |
| Age (years) | 75.6 (7.8) | 75.2 (8.1) | 72.8 (7.4) | 0.005 |
| ABI | 0.64 (0.16) | 0.63 (0.16) | 0.64 (0.15) | 0.85 |
| BMI (Kg/M2) | 29.6 (5.7) | 27.3 (4.4) | 27.1 (4.4) | <.001 |
| Blocks walked in past 7 days | 25.0 (54.1) | 28.2 (64.6) | 37.4 (51.6) | 0.090 |
| Male (%) | 52.9 | 53.2 | 60.2 | 0.25 |
| African American (%) | 16.3 | 14.5 | 15.5 | 0.86 |
| Current or former smoker (%) | 74.8 | 79.8 | 79.7 | 0.35 |
| Angina (%) | 30.9 | 37.9 | 30.9 | 1.00 |
| Myocardial infarction (%) | 26.8 | 28.2 | 22.8 | 0.47 |
| Diabetes mellitus (%) | 45.5 | 30.7 | 22.8 | <.001 |
| Pulmonary disease (%) | 49.6 | 45.2 | 35.0 | 0.021 |
| Hip arthritis (%) | 7.3 | 3.2 | 1.6 | 0.031 |
|
1st Tertile (0.1– 0.2 mm2) |
2nd Tertile 0.2–0.2 mm2) |
3rd Tertile (0.2– 0.3 mm2) |
P-trend | |
| CALF MUSCLE AREA* | ||||
| N | 123 | 123 | 123 | |
| Age (years) | 76.4 (8.0) | 74.81 (7.6) | 72.54 (7.5) | <.001 |
| ABI | 0.61 (0.17) | 0.63 (0.14) | 0.66 (0.15) | 0.008 |
| BMI (Kg/M2) | 26.32 (4.4) | 27.67 (4.6) | 29.94 (5.3) | <.0001 |
| Blocks walked in past 7 days | 20.93 (48.1) | 27.58 (63.7) | 42.27 (57.2) | 0.003 |
| Male (%) | 43.9 | 52.9 | 69.1 | <.0001 |
| African American (%) | 20.3 | 16.3 | 9.8 | 0.023 |
| Current or former smoker (%) | 67.5 | 82.9 | 83.7 | 0.002 |
| Angina (%) | 32.5 | 28.5 | 39.0 | 0.28 |
| Myocardial infarction (%) | 25.2 | 20.3 | 32.5 | 0.19 |
| Diabetes mellitus (%) | 26.8 | 35.0 | 36.6 | 0.104 |
| Pulmonary disease (%) | 45.5 | 43.9 | 40.7 | 0.44 |
| Knee arthritis (%) | 18.7 | 12.2 | 10.6 | 0.067 |
|
1st Tertile (1.2–5.1%) |
2nd Tertile (5.1–10.1%) |
3rd Tertile (10.2–87.1%) |
P-trend | |
| CALF MUSCLE PERCENT FAT | ||||
| N | 123 | 124 | 123 | |
| Age (years) | 73.6 (7.8) | 74.2 (8.0) | 75.8 (7.6) | 0.030 |
| ABI | 0.63 (0.1) | 0.64 (0.2) | 0.62 (0.2) | 0.61 |
| BMI (Kg/M2) | 25.81 (3.9) | 27.88 (4.7) | 30.25 (5.2) | <.0001 |
| Blocks walked (in past 7 days) | 36.50 (51.1) | 26.05 (38.1) | 28.08 (75.9) | 0.25 |
| Male (%) | 64.2 | 50.0 | 52.0 | 0.055 |
| African American (%) | 11.4 | 16.1 | 18.7 | 0.11 |
| Current or former smoker (%) | 81.3 | 80.7 | 72.4 | 0.09 |
| Angina (%) | 34.2 | 39.5 | 26.0 | 0.18 |
| Myocardial infarction (%) | 26.0 | 25.8 | 26.0 | 1.00 |
| Diabetes mellitus (%) | 22.8 | 32.3 | 43.9 | <.001 |
| Pulmonary disease (%) | 36.6 | 41.9 | 51.2 | 0.021 |
| Knee arthritis (%) | 11.4 | 11.3 | 18.7 | 0.098 |
Data shown are means (standard deviations).
*
Calf muscle area tertiles are standardized for tibia length.