Table 2. Previous hospitalizations for infection of the central nervous system (CNS) or sepsis and the risk of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, a nested case-control study in Sweden, 1991–2007.
| Groups | All cases and controls (N = 24,024) | Incident cases and controls (N = 6,300)† | ||||
| Controls | Cases | OR (95% CI)* | Controls | Cases | OR (95% CI)* | |
| Previous CNS infections | ||||||
| No | 19,964 | 3,989 | 1.0 | 5,230 | 1,048 | 1.0 |
| Yes | 56 | 15 | 1.3 (0.8–2.4) | 20 | 2 | 0.5 (0.1–2.1) |
| Years before index date | ||||||
| <3 | 17 | 5 | 1.5 (0.5–4.0) | 4 | 0 | - |
| ≥3 | 39 | 10 | 1.3 (0.6–2.6) | 16 | 2 | 0.6 (0.1–2.7) |
| No. of infections ≥3 years before index date | ||||||
| 1 | 34 | 9 | 1.3 (0.6–2.8) | 13 | 2 | 0.8 (0.2–3.4) |
| >1 | 5 | 1 | 1.0 (0.1–8.6) | 3 | 0 | - |
| Previous sepsis | ||||||
| No | 19,728 | 3,935 | 1.0 | 5,145 | 1,035 | 1.0 |
| Yes | 292 | 69 | 1.2 (0.9–1.6) | 105 | 15 | 0.7 (0.4–1.2) |
| Years before index date | ||||||
| <1 | 52 | 27 | 2.6 (1.6–4.2) | 20 | 4 | 1.0 (0.3–2.9) |
| 1∼3 | 71 | 16 | 1.1 (0.7–2.0) | 23 | 5 | 1.1 (0.4–2.8) |
| ≥3 | 169 | 26 | 0.8 (0.5–1.2) | 62 | 6 | 0.5 (0.2–1.1) |
| No. of infections ≥3 years before index date | ||||||
| 1 | 155 | 24 | 0.8 (0.5–1.2) | 55 | 5 | 0.4 (0.2–1.1) |
| >1 | 14 | 2 | 0.7 (0.2–3.2) | 7 | 1 | 0.7 (0.1–5.8) |
*Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals, adjusting for year of birth and sex.
†
Cases first recorded in the Outpatient Register during 2002–2007.