Table 4.
Differences in the temporal changes of asthma and allergies prevalence in urban and rural areas between years 2000 and 2008
| Year 2000 vs Year 2008 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| URBAN RESIDENCE | RURAL RESIDENCE | ||||
|
OR (CI) P-Value Unadjusted |
OR (CI) P-Value Adjusted* |
OR (CI) P-Value Unadjusted |
OR (CI) P-Value Adjusted* |
Effect modification§ | |
| Ever Wheeze | 1.40 (1.21-1.62) P <0.01 |
1.33 (1.13-1.55) P <0.01 |
1.55 (1.25-1.94) P <0.01 |
1.66 (1.30-2.13) P <0.01 |
P = 0.35 |
| Current Wheeze | 1.11 (0.89-1.39) P = 0.37 |
1.08 (0.84-1.37) P = 0.56 |
1.84 (1.30-2.59) P <0.01 |
1.81 (1.24-2.64) P <0.01 |
P = 0.04 |
|
Diagnosis Asthma Ever |
1.50 (1.26-1.78) P <0.01 |
1.39 (1.15-1.68) P <0.01 |
2.04 (1.57-2.65) P <0.01 |
2.20 (1.64-2.94) P <0.01 |
P = 0.02 |
| Severity of Asthma | 1.41 (0.89-2.22) P = 0.14 |
1.30 (0.80-2.11) P = 0.29 |
2.67 (1.48-4.82) p < 0.01 |
2.99 (1.54-5.58) p < 0.01 |
P = 0.05 |
| Current Eczema | 1.45 (1.08-1.95) P = 0.01 |
1.46 (1.07-2.00) P = 0.02 |
1.06 (0.66-1.70) P = 0.80 |
1.14 (0.68-1.89) P = 0.62 |
P = 0.32 |
|
Diagnosis Eczema Ever |
2.33 (1.91-2.84) P <0.01 |
2.05 (1.66-2.54) P <0.01 |
1.79 (1.31-2.44) P <0.01 |
1.58 (1.12-2.22) P = 0.01 |
P = 0.14 |
|
Current Allergic Rhinoconjuctivitis |
1.01 (0.67-1.52) P = 0.96 |
0.84 (0.54-1.29) P = 0.42 |
1.93 (1.05-3.57) P = 0.04 |
2.25 (1.16-4.37) P = 0.02 |
P = 0.04 |
|
Diagnosis Rhinitis Ever |
1.66 (1.21-2.26) P <0.01 |
1.54 (1.10-2.14) P = 0.01 |
3.10 (1.88-5.11) P <0.01 |
2.79 (1.64-4.75) P <0.01 |
P = 0.07 |
* Adjusted for sex, country of birth, district residence, family history of atopy, parental smoking at home, maternal smoking in pregnancy
§ Effect modification of the temporal changes in asthma and allergy outcomes in years 2000 and 2008 by urban and rural residence adjusting for sex, country of birth, district residence, family history of atopy, parental smoking at home and maternal smoking in pregnancy