Table 5. Risk factors for decreased first-year survival in 347 heart transplant patients by donor-recipient gender group.
| Risk factora | Group 1b (N = 273) |
Group 2b (N = 40) |
Group 3b (N = 34) |
RRc (95% CI) |
Wald | Pd |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Higher year 1 cholesterol (mg/dl) | 220 ± 46 | 210 ± 54 | 226 ± 56 | 35.72 | .000 | |
| Earlier IV-treated infection (days) | 174 ± 158 | 126 ± 148 | 178 ± 152 | 15.39 | .000 | |
| Severe renal dysfunctione | 93 (34.1) | 19 (47.5) | 6 (17.6) | 1.01 (1.00-1.02) | 10.59 | .001 |
| Earlier treated rejection (days) | 83 ± 119 | 85 ± 121 | 64 ± 115 | 7.86 | .005 | |
| Diabetes (pre-existing & new-onset) | 76 (27.8) | 13 (32.5) | 9 (26.5) | 3.20 (1.41-7.27) | 7.73 | .005 |
CI, confidence interval; IV, intravenously; RR, relative risk.
From multivariate Cox regression. Categorical variables are expressed as N (%); continuous variables are expressed as mean ± standard deviation. Nonsignificant variables: pre-transplant cardiac diagnosis, total artificial heart or ventricular assist device before surgery, ventricular assist device after surgery, repeat heart transplant, patient age, patient gender, patient race, donor age, weight mismatch >20%, cytomegalovirus mismatch (donor positive/patient negative), cardiac allograft vasculopathy, respiratory failure, liver failure, stroke, non-skin cancers.
Group 1: same gender donor-recipient; Group 2: female donor-male recipient; Group 3: male donor-female recipient.
Relative risk applies to dichotomous risk factors.
Significance determined at P ≤.005.
Defined as a serum creatinine >2.5 mg/dl, a diagnosis of renal failure, or dialysis, using the definition of the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation registry report.2