Interactions of intracellular and TM regions regulate time-course of P2X receptors. a, shown is a schematic representation of P2X1-2TM1/-2 chimeric receptors with additional substitution of amino acids 17 and 21–23. Mutations are based on the non-conserved amino acid residues within the Nβ region between P2X1 and P2X2. b, representative currents mediated by application of 100 μm ATP to chimeric receptors expressed in Xenopus oocytes. c, a histogram summary shows the percentage of current remaining at the end of a 20-s ATP application. d, shown is a schematic representation of the reciprocal set of chimeras. e, representative currents mediated by application of 100 μm ATP to chimeric receptors expressed in Xenopus oocytes are shown. f, a histogram summary shows the percentage of current remaining at the end of a 20-s ATP application. *, p < 0.05; ***, p < 0.001 (n = 4–12).