Fig. 2.

In vitro chemokine secretion by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from patients with chronic idiopathic urticaria (CIU). PBMC from healthy controls (HC) and CIU patients were incubated with medium (baseline) or with phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) (2·5 µg/ml) or Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin A (SEA) (40 ng/ml) for 24 h. Supernatants were taken to determine the presence of CCL2, CXCL8 and CCL5 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Horizontal line represents the median. **P ≤ 0·01; *P ≤ 0·05 compared with the HC group.