Table 1.
Comparison between the groups - evaluation of their symptoms being estimated with visual analogue scale for irritable bowel syndrome (VAS-IBS).
| VAS-IBS score | Controls = 52 | IBS = 39 | Dysmotility = 21 | pSS = 26 | Statistically significant p values |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abdominal pain | |||||
| Z-score | 0.22 (-0.41-0.60) | -3.43 (-4.23 - -2.77) | -3.34 (-4.42 - -2.31)27 (12-44) *** | -1.08 (-2.31 - 0.04) | IBS vs pSS p = 0.000 |
| Absolute score | 95 (85-99) | 23 (10-37) *** | 73 (54-97) *** | pSS vs Dysm p = 0.000 | |
| Diarrhoea | |||||
| Z-score | 0.27 (-0.11-0.55) | -3.91 (-5.23 - -0.53) | -3.23 (-4.11 - -0.55) | -0.75 (-1.97-0.15) | IBS vs pSS p = 0.012 |
| Absolute score | 97 (90-100) | 35 (19-83) *** | 49 (33-69) *** | 82 (66-98) *** | pSS vs Dysm p = 0.049 |
| Constipation | |||||
| Z-score | 0.32 (-0.39-0.76) | -0.69 (-2.99-0.54) | -1.57 (-3.32-0.60) | 0.03 (-2.41-0.63) | |
| Absolute score | 91 (78-99) | 72 (30-95) ** | 54 (18-95) * | 86 (42-97) * | |
| Bloating, flatulence | |||||
| Z-score | 0.28 (-0.26-0.77) | -2.33 (-2.84 - -1.06) | -2.15 (-2.67 - -1.28) | -0.62 (-1.61-0.31) | IBS vs pSS p = 0.000 |
| Absolute score | 86 (71-99) | 17 (3-50) *** | 18 (7-45) *** | 63 (37-87) *** | pSS vs Dysm p = 0.002 |
| Vomiting, nausea | |||||
| Z-score | 0.27 (0.08-0.35) | -3.34 (-4.55 - -0.03) | -4.82 (-4.81 - -0.78) | 0.08 (-3.14-0.20) | IBS vs pSS p = 0.004 IBS vs Dysm p = 0.044 |
| Absolute score | 98 (97-100) | 50 (34-94) *** | 32 (12-84) *** | 97 (54-99) *** | pSS vs Dysm p = 0.001 |
| Psychological well-being | |||||
| Z-score | 0.51 (-0.09-0.70) | -2.08 (-3.29 - -0.56) | -1.79 (-1.79-0.46) | -0.76 (-2.29-0.62) | IBS vs pSS p = 0.018 |
| Absolute score | 96 (84-100) | 45 (23-74) *** | 51 (22-94) ** | 72 (44-98) *** | |
| Influence on daily life | |||||
| Z-score | 0.53 (-0.12-0.59) | -3.05 (-3.43 - -2.49) | -3.06 (-3.06 - -2.62) | 0.20 (-1.75-0.49) | IBS vs pSS p = 0.000 |
| Absolute score | 98 (82-100) | 11 (3-25) *** | 8 (3-22) *** | 88 (42-96) *** | pSS vs Dysm p = 0.000 |
All p values are calculated using the z-scores. Mann Whitney U test. Patients vs controls; * < 0.05, ** < 0.01, *** < 0.001. IBS = Irritable bowel syndrome, pSS = primary Sjögren's syndrome.