Figure 4.

MCDA value estimate of tramadol for chronic non-cancer pain. Weights were normalized across the 14 criteria and scores are presented on a scale of 0 to 1. *MCDA value estimate was obtained using a linear model combining normalized weights and scores for each decision criterion. For an intervention to achieve close to 1 on this scale, it would have to cure an endemic disease, demonstrate major improvement in safety, efficacy, and patient-reported outcomes compared to limited existing approaches and result in major healthcare savings.