Table 1.

Exclusion criteria.

(1)	Baseline and subsequent refractions not obtained under cycloplegia.
(2)	Refractive measurements not obtained using automated refraction.
(3)	Data not from urban populations
(4)	Control groups of myopia intervention studies that were not randomized or quasi-randomized.
(5)	Groups that did not wear single-vision spectacles for correction.
(6)	Data obtained from exclusive populations that might not be representative of the population as a whole.
(7)	Myopia as part of a syndrome, associated with ocular or systemic disease, surgery or injury.
(8)	Data on populations less than 30 individuals (excluding sub-set data).
(9)	Subjects older than 16 years at baseline.
(10)	Studies with a retrospective component or review papers.
(11)	Articles that were reports on part of another study used in the meta-analysis where the former added no new usable data.